WEIVER • 1 MAXE
Nursing Fundamentals
NURS School of Nursing — Comprehensive Review
H E A LT H P R O M O T I O N · I N F E C T I O N C O N T R O L · M O B I L I T Y · W O U N D C A R E
FUND
Nursing Fundamentals — Comprehensive Review
H E A LT H P R O M OT I O N , I N F E C T I O N CO N T R O L , M E D I C AT I O N A D M I N I ST R AT I O N , W O U N D C A R E &
M O B I L I TY
INSTITUTION School of Nursing COURSE CODE NURS-FUND-REVIEW
PROGRAM Nursing — ADN / BSN Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals — Comprehensive TOTAL QUESTIONS 120+ Questions
Review
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice / Select All That Apply /
Ordered Response
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless "Select all that apply" or ordered response is indicated.
▸ Questions cover health promotion, infection control, medication administration, wound care, mobility, and hygiene.
▸ Verified answers with detailed rationales are provided for comprehensive exam preparation.
▸ Pay close attention to PPE donning/doffing sequences, wound healing phases, and infection staging.
HEALTH PROMOTION, INFECTION, MEDICATIONS, WOUNDS & Questions 1 –
MOBILITY 120+
1. Define health promotion.
A. Treating disease after it occurs.
B. Helping individuals maintain or enhance their present health.
C. Preventing all forms of illness.
D. Only providing immunizations.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Helping individuals maintain or enhance their present health
RATIONALE Health promotion is proactive — it focuses on helping individuals, families, and communities maintain or
improve their current level of wellness. It includes activities such as health education (physical awareness,
stress management, self-responsibility), lifestyle modification, and creating environments that support
health. This differs from illness prevention, which focuses on avoiding specific diseases.
, 2. What are the three levels of preventive care?
A. Acute, subacute, and chronic.
B. Primary, secondary, and tertiary.
C. Individual, family, and community.
D. Assessment, intervention, and evaluation.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Primary, secondary, and tertiary
RATIONALE Primary prevention is true prevention — reducing the incidence of disease (immunizations, health education,
seatbelt use). Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment to prevent disease
spread or complications (screenings — mammogram, colonoscopy, BP checks). Tertiary prevention occurs
when a defect or disability is permanent; it minimizes the long-term effects and maximizes function
(rehabilitation, support groups, cardiac rehab after MI).
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the five steps of the nursing process?
A. Planning.
B. Evaluation.
C. Assessment.
D. Hypothesis testing.
CORRECT ANSWER D — Hypothesis testing
RATIONALE The nursing process consists of five steps: Assessment, Diagnosis (Analysis), Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation (ADPIE). Hypothesis testing is a component of the scientific method and critical thinking but is not
one of the five formal steps of the nursing process. The nursing process is the systematic framework guiding
all nursing care.
4. Which is the most significant and commonly found infection-causing agent in healthcare institutions?
A. Bacteria.
B. Fungi.
C. Viruses.
D. Mold.
CORRECT ANSWER A — Bacteria
RATIONALE Bacteria are the most prevalent infectious agents in healthcare settings. They cause a wide range of HAIs
including: Staphylococcus aureus (surgical site infections, bacteremia), Clostridium difficile (antibiotic-
associated colitis), Escherichia coli (UTIs), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ventilator-associated pneumonia).
Bacteria are classified by shape (cocci, bacilli, spirilla), Gram stain (positive/negative), and oxygen
requirements (aerobic/anaerobic).
5. Standard precautions should be used when caring for a noninfectious, postoperative patient who is vomiting
blood.
A. True.
B. False.
CORRECT ANSWER A — True
RATIONALE Standard precautions (Tier 1) are applied to ALL patients regardless of diagnosis or presumed infection status.
They apply to contact with blood, all body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes. Vomiting blood
(hematemesis) involves blood exposure, which requires standard precautions including gloves, and
potentially gown/face protection if splashing is anticipated. A patient does not need to have a known
infection for standard precautions to apply.
Nursing Fundamentals
NURS School of Nursing — Comprehensive Review
H E A LT H P R O M O T I O N · I N F E C T I O N C O N T R O L · M O B I L I T Y · W O U N D C A R E
FUND
Nursing Fundamentals — Comprehensive Review
H E A LT H P R O M OT I O N , I N F E C T I O N CO N T R O L , M E D I C AT I O N A D M I N I ST R AT I O N , W O U N D C A R E &
M O B I L I TY
INSTITUTION School of Nursing COURSE CODE NURS-FUND-REVIEW
PROGRAM Nursing — ADN / BSN Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals — Comprehensive TOTAL QUESTIONS 120+ Questions
Review
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice / Select All That Apply /
Ordered Response
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless "Select all that apply" or ordered response is indicated.
▸ Questions cover health promotion, infection control, medication administration, wound care, mobility, and hygiene.
▸ Verified answers with detailed rationales are provided for comprehensive exam preparation.
▸ Pay close attention to PPE donning/doffing sequences, wound healing phases, and infection staging.
HEALTH PROMOTION, INFECTION, MEDICATIONS, WOUNDS & Questions 1 –
MOBILITY 120+
1. Define health promotion.
A. Treating disease after it occurs.
B. Helping individuals maintain or enhance their present health.
C. Preventing all forms of illness.
D. Only providing immunizations.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Helping individuals maintain or enhance their present health
RATIONALE Health promotion is proactive — it focuses on helping individuals, families, and communities maintain or
improve their current level of wellness. It includes activities such as health education (physical awareness,
stress management, self-responsibility), lifestyle modification, and creating environments that support
health. This differs from illness prevention, which focuses on avoiding specific diseases.
, 2. What are the three levels of preventive care?
A. Acute, subacute, and chronic.
B. Primary, secondary, and tertiary.
C. Individual, family, and community.
D. Assessment, intervention, and evaluation.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Primary, secondary, and tertiary
RATIONALE Primary prevention is true prevention — reducing the incidence of disease (immunizations, health education,
seatbelt use). Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment to prevent disease
spread or complications (screenings — mammogram, colonoscopy, BP checks). Tertiary prevention occurs
when a defect or disability is permanent; it minimizes the long-term effects and maximizes function
(rehabilitation, support groups, cardiac rehab after MI).
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the five steps of the nursing process?
A. Planning.
B. Evaluation.
C. Assessment.
D. Hypothesis testing.
CORRECT ANSWER D — Hypothesis testing
RATIONALE The nursing process consists of five steps: Assessment, Diagnosis (Analysis), Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation (ADPIE). Hypothesis testing is a component of the scientific method and critical thinking but is not
one of the five formal steps of the nursing process. The nursing process is the systematic framework guiding
all nursing care.
4. Which is the most significant and commonly found infection-causing agent in healthcare institutions?
A. Bacteria.
B. Fungi.
C. Viruses.
D. Mold.
CORRECT ANSWER A — Bacteria
RATIONALE Bacteria are the most prevalent infectious agents in healthcare settings. They cause a wide range of HAIs
including: Staphylococcus aureus (surgical site infections, bacteremia), Clostridium difficile (antibiotic-
associated colitis), Escherichia coli (UTIs), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ventilator-associated pneumonia).
Bacteria are classified by shape (cocci, bacilli, spirilla), Gram stain (positive/negative), and oxygen
requirements (aerobic/anaerobic).
5. Standard precautions should be used when caring for a noninfectious, postoperative patient who is vomiting
blood.
A. True.
B. False.
CORRECT ANSWER A — True
RATIONALE Standard precautions (Tier 1) are applied to ALL patients regardless of diagnosis or presumed infection status.
They apply to contact with blood, all body fluids, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes. Vomiting blood
(hematemesis) involves blood exposure, which requires standard precautions including gloves, and
potentially gown/face protection if splashing is anticipated. A patient does not need to have a known
infection for standard precautions to apply.
