Nursing Fundamentals
DNUF • 1 TSET
NURS School of Nursing — Test 1 Review
S A F E T Y · D O C U M E N TAT I O N · I N F E C T I O N CO N T R O L · M O B I L I T Y
TEST 1
Nursing Fundamentals — Test 1
N U R S I N G H I STO R Y, P R O C E SS , D O CU M E N TAT I O N , S A F E TY, H YG I E N E , M O B I L I TY & I N F E C T I O N
CO N T R O L
INSTITUTION School of Nursing COURSE CODE NURS-FUND-TEST1
PROGRAM Nursing — ADN / BSN Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals Test 1 TOTAL QUESTIONS 80+ Comprehensive Questions
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice / Definition / Select All
That Apply
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise indicated.
▸ Questions cover nursing history, the nursing process, documentation, safety, hygiene, mobility/positioning, and infection
control.
▸ Verified answers with detailed rationales are provided for comprehensive exam preparation.
▸ Pay close attention to restraint safety, infection cycle components, and proper documentation principles.
NURSING FUNDAMENTALS — HISTORY, PROCESS, SAFETY & INFECTION Questions 1 –
CONTROL 80+
1. What was Florence Nightingale's major contribution to nursing?
A. She invented the first medication.
B. She pioneered the correlation between infection and unclean conditions and recognized the importance of careful
data collection through note-taking, graphs, and charts.
C. She founded the American Red Cross.
D. She was the first African American nurse.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Pioneered infection control correlation with cleanliness and emphasized data collection through
statistics and documentation
RATIONALE Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), the founder of modern nursing, dramatically reduced Crimean War
mortality rates by implementing sanitary conditions — establishing the first evidence-based connection
between cleanliness and infection. She was also a pioneering statistician who used meticulous data
collection, polar area diagrams (coxcomb charts), and systematic documentation to demonstrate the impact
of nursing interventions on patient outcomes.
, 2. What is the scope of practice difference between an LPN and an RN?
A. There is no difference.
B. LPNs work under RN supervision and can collect data; RNs (diploma, associate, or BSN) have a broader scope
including independent assessment and care planning.
C. LPNs have more autonomy than RNs.
D. RNs can only work in hospitals.
CORRECT ANSWER B — LPNs work under RN supervision and collect data; RNs independently assess and plan care
RATIONALE The LPN/LVN practices under the direction of an RN or physician, focusing on data collection and performing
prescribed interventions. The RN (prepared at diploma, associate, or baccalaureate level) has a broader scope
including comprehensive assessment, nursing diagnosis, independent care planning, delegation, and
supervision. Advanced practice RNs (MSN/DNP) have the highest level of autonomy including prescriptive
authority.
3. What are the five steps of the nursing process in correct order?
A. Planning, Assessment, Implementation, Evaluation, Analysis.
B. Assessment, Analysis (Diagnosis), Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
C. Analysis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation.
D. Implementation, Planning, Assessment, Analysis, Evaluation.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Assessment, Analysis/Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (ADPIE)
RATIONALE The nursing process is a systematic, cyclical, client-centered framework: (1) Assessment — collect and
organize data; (2) Analysis/Diagnosis — identify problems and formulate nursing diagnoses; (3) Planning —
set goals and select interventions; (4) Implementation — perform interventions; (5) Evaluation — determine if
goals were met and modify plan accordingly.
4. What is the American Nurses Association (ANA)?
A. A labor union for hospital workers.
B. The professional organization for registered nurses that dictates standards of care and pushes for standards of
nursing practice.
C. A government regulatory agency.
D. A testing company for licensure exams.
CORRECT ANSWER B — The professional organization for RNs that establishes standards of care and nursing practice
RATIONALE The American Nurses Association is the premier professional nursing organization representing all registered
nurses. It publishes the Code of Ethics for Nurses, the Scope and Standards of Practice, and advocates for
nurses and patients at national and state levels. The ANA defines nursing's professional boundaries and
promotes excellence in practice, education, and leadership.
DNUF • 1 TSET
NURS School of Nursing — Test 1 Review
S A F E T Y · D O C U M E N TAT I O N · I N F E C T I O N CO N T R O L · M O B I L I T Y
TEST 1
Nursing Fundamentals — Test 1
N U R S I N G H I STO R Y, P R O C E SS , D O CU M E N TAT I O N , S A F E TY, H YG I E N E , M O B I L I TY & I N F E C T I O N
CO N T R O L
INSTITUTION School of Nursing COURSE CODE NURS-FUND-TEST1
PROGRAM Nursing — ADN / BSN Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals Test 1 TOTAL QUESTIONS 80+ Comprehensive Questions
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice / Definition / Select All
That Apply
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise indicated.
▸ Questions cover nursing history, the nursing process, documentation, safety, hygiene, mobility/positioning, and infection
control.
▸ Verified answers with detailed rationales are provided for comprehensive exam preparation.
▸ Pay close attention to restraint safety, infection cycle components, and proper documentation principles.
NURSING FUNDAMENTALS — HISTORY, PROCESS, SAFETY & INFECTION Questions 1 –
CONTROL 80+
1. What was Florence Nightingale's major contribution to nursing?
A. She invented the first medication.
B. She pioneered the correlation between infection and unclean conditions and recognized the importance of careful
data collection through note-taking, graphs, and charts.
C. She founded the American Red Cross.
D. She was the first African American nurse.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Pioneered infection control correlation with cleanliness and emphasized data collection through
statistics and documentation
RATIONALE Florence Nightingale (1820-1910), the founder of modern nursing, dramatically reduced Crimean War
mortality rates by implementing sanitary conditions — establishing the first evidence-based connection
between cleanliness and infection. She was also a pioneering statistician who used meticulous data
collection, polar area diagrams (coxcomb charts), and systematic documentation to demonstrate the impact
of nursing interventions on patient outcomes.
, 2. What is the scope of practice difference between an LPN and an RN?
A. There is no difference.
B. LPNs work under RN supervision and can collect data; RNs (diploma, associate, or BSN) have a broader scope
including independent assessment and care planning.
C. LPNs have more autonomy than RNs.
D. RNs can only work in hospitals.
CORRECT ANSWER B — LPNs work under RN supervision and collect data; RNs independently assess and plan care
RATIONALE The LPN/LVN practices under the direction of an RN or physician, focusing on data collection and performing
prescribed interventions. The RN (prepared at diploma, associate, or baccalaureate level) has a broader scope
including comprehensive assessment, nursing diagnosis, independent care planning, delegation, and
supervision. Advanced practice RNs (MSN/DNP) have the highest level of autonomy including prescriptive
authority.
3. What are the five steps of the nursing process in correct order?
A. Planning, Assessment, Implementation, Evaluation, Analysis.
B. Assessment, Analysis (Diagnosis), Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
C. Analysis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation.
D. Implementation, Planning, Assessment, Analysis, Evaluation.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Assessment, Analysis/Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (ADPIE)
RATIONALE The nursing process is a systematic, cyclical, client-centered framework: (1) Assessment — collect and
organize data; (2) Analysis/Diagnosis — identify problems and formulate nursing diagnoses; (3) Planning —
set goals and select interventions; (4) Implementation — perform interventions; (5) Evaluation — determine if
goals were met and modify plan accordingly.
4. What is the American Nurses Association (ANA)?
A. A labor union for hospital workers.
B. The professional organization for registered nurses that dictates standards of care and pushes for standards of
nursing practice.
C. A government regulatory agency.
D. A testing company for licensure exams.
CORRECT ANSWER B — The professional organization for RNs that establishes standards of care and nursing practice
RATIONALE The American Nurses Association is the premier professional nursing organization representing all registered
nurses. It publishes the Code of Ethics for Nurses, the Scope and Standards of Practice, and advocates for
nurses and patients at national and state levels. The ANA defines nursing's professional boundaries and
promotes excellence in practice, education, and leadership.
