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Nursing Fundamentals
1 MAXE
NF Foundations of Professional Nursing Practice
CARING · COMPETENCE · COMPASSION
EST. 2020
Exam 1 — Fundamentals of Nursing
T H E O R I E S , A N A STA N D A R D S , H E A LT H P R O M OT I O N , CO M M U N I C AT I O N & CU LT U R E
INSTITUTION Nursing Fundamentals Program COURSE CODE NURS 101 — Fundamentals
PROGRAM Associate / Bachelor of Science in Nursing ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Exam 1 — Foundations of Nursing TOTAL QUESTIONS 100+ Questions
COURSE TITLE Fundamentals of Nursing FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Content covers nursing theories, ANA standards, health promotion, EBP, communication, culture, and care coordination.
FOUNDATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING Questions 1 – 100+
1. Sigmund Freud's Theory of Psychoanalytic Development identifies the underlying stimulus for human behavior as:
A. Self-actualization.
B. Libido (sexuality).
C. Cognitive development.
D. Moral reasoning.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Libido, which Freud defined as the instinctual sexual drive underlying human behavior.
RATIONALE Freud's theory emphasizes the effect of instinctual human drives on behavior. The four major components of
the mind are the unconscious mind, the id, the ego, and the superego. Five stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent,
Genital.
2. Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing include all EXCEPT:
A. Establishing standards for hospital management.
B. Establishing nursing education as a respected occupation for women.
C. Developing the first antibiotics for infection control.
D. Recognizing that nutrition is important to health and instituting occupational therapy.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Nightingale did not develop antibiotics. Her contributions focused on hygiene, sanitation,
nutrition, education, and establishing nursing as a distinct profession.
RATIONALE Nightingale identified patient needs, established hospital management standards, created nursing education,
recognized nursing as separate from medicine, stressed nutrition, instituted occupational/recreational
therapy, maintained accurate records (beginning of nursing research), and emphasized continuing education.
, 3. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as:
A. The administration of medications and treatments prescribed by physicians.
B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of
suffering, and advocacy.
C. The documentation of patient care in the electronic health record.
D. The supervision of unlicensed assistive personnel.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Protection, promotion, optimization of health, prevention of illness, alleviation of suffering, and
advocacy for individuals, families, communities, and populations.
RATIONALE This comprehensive ANA definition encompasses the full scope of professional nursing practice.
4. The central focus of nursing care is:
A. The physician's orders.
B. The patient, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions.
C. The nursing care plan.
D. The electronic health record.
CORRECT ANSWER B — The patient (person receiving care), including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual
dimensions.
RATIONALE Patient-centered care places the patient at the center of all nursing activities, addressing the whole person.
5. Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators include all EXCEPT:
A. Access to health services and clinical preventive services.
B. Mental health and nutrition, physical activity, and obesity.
C. Hospital profitability metrics.
D. Environmental quality and injury/violence prevention.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Hospital profitability is not a Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicator.
RATIONALE The 12 Leading Health Indicators include access to care, preventive services, environmental quality,
injury/violence, maternal/child health, mental health, nutrition/obesity, oral health, reproductive/sexual
health, social determinants, substance abuse, and tobacco.
6. The interrelated roles of nursing include all EXCEPT:
A. Caregiver, Communicator, Teacher/Educator.
B. Counselor, Leader, Researcher.
C. Independent prescriber of all medications.
D. Advocate and Collaborator.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Independent prescriber is an APRN role, not a standard RN role.
RATIONALE The eight interrelated roles are Caregiver, Communicator, Teacher/Educator, Counselor, Leader, Researcher,
Advocate, and Collaborator.
Nursing Fundamentals
1 MAXE
NF Foundations of Professional Nursing Practice
CARING · COMPETENCE · COMPASSION
EST. 2020
Exam 1 — Fundamentals of Nursing
T H E O R I E S , A N A STA N D A R D S , H E A LT H P R O M OT I O N , CO M M U N I C AT I O N & CU LT U R E
INSTITUTION Nursing Fundamentals Program COURSE CODE NURS 101 — Fundamentals
PROGRAM Associate / Bachelor of Science in Nursing ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Exam 1 — Foundations of Nursing TOTAL QUESTIONS 100+ Questions
COURSE TITLE Fundamentals of Nursing FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question.
▸ Content covers nursing theories, ANA standards, health promotion, EBP, communication, culture, and care coordination.
FOUNDATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING Questions 1 – 100+
1. Sigmund Freud's Theory of Psychoanalytic Development identifies the underlying stimulus for human behavior as:
A. Self-actualization.
B. Libido (sexuality).
C. Cognitive development.
D. Moral reasoning.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Libido, which Freud defined as the instinctual sexual drive underlying human behavior.
RATIONALE Freud's theory emphasizes the effect of instinctual human drives on behavior. The four major components of
the mind are the unconscious mind, the id, the ego, and the superego. Five stages: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent,
Genital.
2. Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing include all EXCEPT:
A. Establishing standards for hospital management.
B. Establishing nursing education as a respected occupation for women.
C. Developing the first antibiotics for infection control.
D. Recognizing that nutrition is important to health and instituting occupational therapy.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Nightingale did not develop antibiotics. Her contributions focused on hygiene, sanitation,
nutrition, education, and establishing nursing as a distinct profession.
RATIONALE Nightingale identified patient needs, established hospital management standards, created nursing education,
recognized nursing as separate from medicine, stressed nutrition, instituted occupational/recreational
therapy, maintained accurate records (beginning of nursing research), and emphasized continuing education.
, 3. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as:
A. The administration of medications and treatments prescribed by physicians.
B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of
suffering, and advocacy.
C. The documentation of patient care in the electronic health record.
D. The supervision of unlicensed assistive personnel.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Protection, promotion, optimization of health, prevention of illness, alleviation of suffering, and
advocacy for individuals, families, communities, and populations.
RATIONALE This comprehensive ANA definition encompasses the full scope of professional nursing practice.
4. The central focus of nursing care is:
A. The physician's orders.
B. The patient, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions.
C. The nursing care plan.
D. The electronic health record.
CORRECT ANSWER B — The patient (person receiving care), including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual
dimensions.
RATIONALE Patient-centered care places the patient at the center of all nursing activities, addressing the whole person.
5. Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicators include all EXCEPT:
A. Access to health services and clinical preventive services.
B. Mental health and nutrition, physical activity, and obesity.
C. Hospital profitability metrics.
D. Environmental quality and injury/violence prevention.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Hospital profitability is not a Healthy People 2020 Leading Health Indicator.
RATIONALE The 12 Leading Health Indicators include access to care, preventive services, environmental quality,
injury/violence, maternal/child health, mental health, nutrition/obesity, oral health, reproductive/sexual
health, social determinants, substance abuse, and tobacco.
6. The interrelated roles of nursing include all EXCEPT:
A. Caregiver, Communicator, Teacher/Educator.
B. Counselor, Leader, Researcher.
C. Independent prescriber of all medications.
D. Advocate and Collaborator.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Independent prescriber is an APRN role, not a standard RN role.
RATIONALE The eight interrelated roles are Caregiver, Communicator, Teacher/Educator, Counselor, Leader, Researcher,
Advocate, and Collaborator.
