Portage Learning
1 MAXE • SRUN
PL College of Nursing & Health Sciences
Y O U R F U T U R E . Y O U R W A Y.
EST. 2011
Nursing Fundamental Exam 1
CO M P R E H E N S I V E R E V I E W — N U R S I N G R O L E S , CO M M U N I C AT I O N , I N F E C T I O N CO N T R O L & V I TA L
SIGNS
INSTITUTION Portage Learning EXAM TYPE Nursing Fundamentals Examination
PROGRAM Nursing / Pre-Nursing Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamental Exam 1 — Complete TOTAL QUESTIONS Complete Study Guide
Review
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless "Select all that apply" is specified.
▸ This comprehensive fundamentals exam covers nursing roles, history, nursing process, infection control, vital signs, therapeutic
communication, and client safety.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question.
▸ All content is derived from Nursing Fundamentals core concepts.
SECTION I — NURSING ROLES, HISTORY & PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE Part A
1. Which nursing action best exemplifies the nurse's role in promoting health?
A. Administering pain medication to a postoperative client.
B. Encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity.
C. Changing a dressing on a surgical wound.
D. Inserting an intravenous catheter.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity.
RATIONALE Health promotion focuses on enabling people to increase control over their health through preventive
behaviors. Encouraging physical activity in youth prevents future disease. The other options represent illness
care or curative interventions.
, 2. A client is distraught because a CT scan shows colon cancer has metastasized to the lungs. Which nursing aim
should the nurse prioritize in the immediate care of this client?
A. Preventing illness.
B. Facilitating coping.
C. Restoring health.
D. Promoting health.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Facilitating coping.
RATIONALE When faced with a terminal diagnosis, the immediate priority is helping the client cope with devastating news
and emotional distress. The four aims of nursing are: promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health,
and facilitating coping with disability or death.
3. The client's plan of care is created by the nurse using which guideline for nursing practice?
A. Nursing process.
B. Medical diagnosis.
C. Physician's orders.
D. Hospital policy.
CORRECT ANSWER A — Nursing process.
RATIONALE The nursing process (ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation) is the systematic
problem-solving framework that guides all nursing care planning and clinical decision-making.
4. Which is an appropriately stated nursing intervention?
A. "The client will ambulate."
B. "Ambulate 30 ft (9 m) twice a day with the assistance of a walker."
C. "The nurse will help the client walk."
D. "Ambulate as tolerated."
CORRECT ANSWER B — "Ambulate 30 ft (9 m) twice a day with the assistance of a walker."
RATIONALE A properly written nursing intervention is specific, measurable, and includes the action, frequency,
distance/amount, and method. "Ambulate as tolerated" or vague statements are not specific enough.
5. The nursing process includes which steps? (Select all that apply)
A. Evaluate
B. Plan
C. Assess
D. Implement
E. Prescribe
CORRECT ANSWER A, B, C, D — Evaluate, Plan, Assess, Implement (and Diagnose).
RATIONALE The five steps of the nursing process are Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation
(ADPIE). Prescribing is outside the nursing scope of practice—that is the provider's role.
1 MAXE • SRUN
PL College of Nursing & Health Sciences
Y O U R F U T U R E . Y O U R W A Y.
EST. 2011
Nursing Fundamental Exam 1
CO M P R E H E N S I V E R E V I E W — N U R S I N G R O L E S , CO M M U N I C AT I O N , I N F E C T I O N CO N T R O L & V I TA L
SIGNS
INSTITUTION Portage Learning EXAM TYPE Nursing Fundamentals Examination
PROGRAM Nursing / Pre-Nursing Pathway ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamental Exam 1 — Complete TOTAL QUESTIONS Complete Study Guide
Review
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless "Select all that apply" is specified.
▸ This comprehensive fundamentals exam covers nursing roles, history, nursing process, infection control, vital signs, therapeutic
communication, and client safety.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question.
▸ All content is derived from Nursing Fundamentals core concepts.
SECTION I — NURSING ROLES, HISTORY & PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE Part A
1. Which nursing action best exemplifies the nurse's role in promoting health?
A. Administering pain medication to a postoperative client.
B. Encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity.
C. Changing a dressing on a surgical wound.
D. Inserting an intravenous catheter.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Encouraging a group of junior high school students to engage in regular physical activity.
RATIONALE Health promotion focuses on enabling people to increase control over their health through preventive
behaviors. Encouraging physical activity in youth prevents future disease. The other options represent illness
care or curative interventions.
, 2. A client is distraught because a CT scan shows colon cancer has metastasized to the lungs. Which nursing aim
should the nurse prioritize in the immediate care of this client?
A. Preventing illness.
B. Facilitating coping.
C. Restoring health.
D. Promoting health.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Facilitating coping.
RATIONALE When faced with a terminal diagnosis, the immediate priority is helping the client cope with devastating news
and emotional distress. The four aims of nursing are: promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health,
and facilitating coping with disability or death.
3. The client's plan of care is created by the nurse using which guideline for nursing practice?
A. Nursing process.
B. Medical diagnosis.
C. Physician's orders.
D. Hospital policy.
CORRECT ANSWER A — Nursing process.
RATIONALE The nursing process (ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation) is the systematic
problem-solving framework that guides all nursing care planning and clinical decision-making.
4. Which is an appropriately stated nursing intervention?
A. "The client will ambulate."
B. "Ambulate 30 ft (9 m) twice a day with the assistance of a walker."
C. "The nurse will help the client walk."
D. "Ambulate as tolerated."
CORRECT ANSWER B — "Ambulate 30 ft (9 m) twice a day with the assistance of a walker."
RATIONALE A properly written nursing intervention is specific, measurable, and includes the action, frequency,
distance/amount, and method. "Ambulate as tolerated" or vague statements are not specific enough.
5. The nursing process includes which steps? (Select all that apply)
A. Evaluate
B. Plan
C. Assess
D. Implement
E. Prescribe
CORRECT ANSWER A, B, C, D — Evaluate, Plan, Assess, Implement (and Diagnose).
RATIONALE The five steps of the nursing process are Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation
(ADPIE). Prescribing is outside the nursing scope of practice—that is the provider's role.
