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How accurate is a point plotted to within 1 navigational
second -
ANSWER-it is accurate to within approximately 1,000
square feet
What is the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid –
ANSWER-in the UTM grid, the world is dived into 60 north-
south zones, each covering a strip 6 degrees wide in longitude;
these zones are numbered consecutively beginning with zone 1
and progressing eastward to zone 60 (the contiguous United
States is covered by zones 10 through 19)
What are the UTM grid line intervals for most USGS maps
-
ANSWER-1,000
meters
Describe the San Diego Mountain Rescue Team system for
describing points on a map - ANSWER-coordinates are read by
indicating the distance, in inches, from the left map margin as
well as the distance from the bottom margin
,The top of a USGS topo map always points to what - ANSWER-
true (geographic)
north
What colors are typically found on a map - ANSWER-brown
(contour lines), green (vegetation), blue (water), black (man-
made objects), red
(roads) and purple (new changes or updates)
What are the 5 major terrain features - ANSWER-hill (an area of
high ground), saddle (dip or low point between two areas of
higher ground), valley (stretched-out groove in the land, usually
formed by streams or rivers), ridge (sloping line of high ground)
and depression (a low point in the ground)
What are the 5 minor terrain features - ANSWER-draw (a less
developed water course than a valley), spur (a short,
continuous sloping line of higher ground, normally jutting out
from the side of a ridge), cliff (a vertical or near vertical feature),
cut/fill (man-made features usually made to form a level bed)
Define bearing - ANSWER-the direction of an object measured
in
degrees from north; also known as azimuth
or heading
On a 1:24,000 scale map, one inch on the map equals how many
,feet in the terrain - ANSWER-
2,000 feet
How do you correct for magnetic declination - ANSWER-map
to
compass: east declination (subtract declination), west
declination (add
declination); compass to map: east declination (add
declination), west
declination (subtract
declination)
What is required for a GPS to accurately establish position,
altitude and velocity - ANSWER-the receiver must acquire at
least four satellites; the GPS can then tell you your location to
within about 300 feet
What are the challenges of using a GPS - ANSWER-battery life,
input error, doesn't work in all terrains, limited accuracy to a
certain degree, not a substitute for a map and compass
What type of batteries perform best in cold-weather
operations -
ANSWER-lithium
batteries
Define datum - ANSWER-a datum is a mathematical model of
the earth's shape and dimensions that is used in conjunction
with a grid and projection to create a coordinate system used
, for plotting position on the earth's surface; different maps often
have a different datum that affects the projection format
What are the 3 subdivisions of SAR resources - ANSWER-
1)
human and animal, 2) informational and 3) equipment
and technology
Define hasty teams - ANSWER-small (usually 3 members),
welltrained, highly mobile, self-sufficient, clue-conscious teams
that utilize fast, nonthorough search tactics in areas most likely
to produce clues or the subject(s) quickly
Define grid search crews - ANSWER-grid search crews
primarily ;
use vision to search in a well-defined, usually small, segment
of land or water
tight grid search teams search a segment to a high probability
of detection while
loose grid search teams may not maintain visual contact
with adjacent
searchers while searching and must therefore have more
skilled members
Define sign - ANSWER-discover-able evidence
Define sign cutting - ANSWER-the process of looking for the
first