TEST BANK 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ new to the world product. Answer: create an entirely new market
◉ new product lines. Answer: allow a firm to enter an established
market
◉ product line extension. Answer: supplements to a firm's established
line
◉ improvements or revisions. Answer: significantly or slightly changed
existing products
◉ repositioned products. Answer: targeted at new markets or market
segments
◉ lower priced products. Answer: provide performance similar to
competitors at lower prices
◉ new product strategy. Answer: a plan that links the new product
development process with the objectives of the marketing department,
the business unit, and the organization
,◉ simultaneous product development. Answer: a team-oriented
approach to new-product development (see next slide)
◉ commercialization. Answer: developing marketing mix for new
product
◉ customer onboarding. Answer: educating and helping new customers
get the most value from your products, ideally during first use
◉ idea generation sources. Answer: customers, employees, distributors,
competitors, and consultants
◉ screening. Answer: the first filter in the product development process,
which eliminates ideas that are inconsistent with the organization's new-
product strategy or are obviously inappropriate for some other reason
◉ concept test. Answer: a test to evaluate a new-product idea, usually
before any prototype has been created
◉ business analysis. Answer: demand, cost, sales revenue, profitability
◉ Factors influencing accuracy of sales revenue projections. Answer:
newness of the product, nature of the competition, overall economic and
environmental trends
,◉ test marketing. Answer: the limited introduction of a product and a
marketing program to determine the reactions of potential customers in a
market situation
◉ Cons of test marketing. Answer: −Often takes one year or more
−Can cost millions
−Exposes the new product and its marketing mix to competitors before
its introduction
◉ diffusion. Answer: Process by which product adoption spreads
◉ five categories of adopters. Answer: innovators, early adopters, early
majority, late majority, laggards
◉ innovators. Answer: Eager to try new ideas and products, almost as an
obsession; not concerned about influencing others
◉ early adopters. Answer: Desire to earn the respect of others as
"market mavens"
◉ early majority. Answer: Weigh pros and cons before adopting and
rely on word-of-mouth from important others
◉ late majority. Answer: Adopt primarily because most of their friends
and families have
, ◉ laggards. Answer: Motivated by price promotions and personal
selling, typically after product is focus of marketing efforts
◉ product life cycle (plc). Answer: a concept that provides a way to
trace the stages of a product's acceptance, from its introduction (birth) to
its decline (death)
◉ introduction stage. Answer: •High failure rates
•Little competition
•Limited distribution
•Promotion focuses on awareness and information
•Communication challenge for unfamiliar products: stimulate primary
demand (demand for a product category as a suitable solution)
◉ growth stage. Answer: •Increasing rate of sales
•Entrance of competitors
•Initial healthy profits
•Wider distribution
•Communication challenge: generate selective demand (demand for one
brand of a product over another)
◉ maturity stage. Answer: •Saturated markets
•Annual models appear