GCSE CHEMISTRY (9–1): PAST PAPER 1:
HIGHER TIER. ALL ASSESSMENT &
MARK SCHEME CERTIFICATION SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Relative atomic mass (Ar).
Answer: How much an atom weighs. Found on the Periodic Table.
◍ OH-.
Answer: What is the formula for a hydroxide ion?
◍ solute.
Answer: Give the term being defined: Substance that dissolves in a liquid to
make a solution.
◍ no.
Answer: Do covalent compounds conduct electricity?
◍ 2.
Answer: If an element is in group 2, how many electrons are there in the
outer shell?
◍ high because of the strong electrostatic forces between the ions.
Answer: Are the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds high or low
and why?
◍ +.
Answer: If an element is in group 1, what will the charge on the ion be?
◍ The law of conservation of mass.
, Answer: The total mass of the products formed in a reaction is equal to the
total mass of the reactants
◍ they contain the same number of protons.
Answer: What do atoms of an element have in common?
◍ Acid.
Answer: When dissolved in water, it releases H⁺ and the solution has a pH
value < 7.
◍ ionic compounds in the molten state or dissolved in water.
Answer: What are electrolytes?
◍ sodium, potassium and ammonium.
Answer: Give 3 examples of cations that form soluble carbonates
◍ Electrolysis.
Answer: The breakdown of a substance containing ions by electricity
◍ Shell.
Answer: An area in an atom, around its nucleus, where electrons are found
◍ Hydrogen and oxygen.
Answer: Gases which are often produced at the electrode instead of other
elements during electrolysis of solutions.
◍ Electrolyte.
Answer: The liquid which is broken down into separate elements during
electrolysis
◍ at the cathode.
Answer: Where does reduction occur during electrolysis?
◍ Alloys are hard because....
Answer: the layers of atoms are disrupted (not neat), so cannot slide over
each other
◍ Ore.
Answer: Rock which contains enough metal to make it economically
, worthwhile to extract.
◍ Substances have high melting points because...
Answer: There are strong bonds between their particles
◍ silver and lead.
Answer: Give 2 examples of metals that form insoluble chlorides
◍ Substances DO conduct electricity if....
Answer: they contain free moving electrons or ions
◍ natural gas.
Answer: What is hydrogen obtained from?
◍ heating with carbon and electrolysis.
Answer: Give 2 methods of extracting metals from their ores
◍ Base.
Answer: The oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate of a metal that will react with
an acid to form a salt.
◍ Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different
number of neutrons.
Answer: What is an isotope?
◍ it decreases by 1.
Answer: What happens to pH as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
increases by a factor of 10?
◍ at the anode.
Answer: Where does oxidation occur during electrolysis?
◍ by changing the reaction conditions.
Answer: How can the direction of some reversible reactions be altered?
◍ The higher the temperature, the more particles will have...
Answer: enough energy to react (the activation energy)
◍ a positively charged ion.
Answer: What is a cation?
HIGHER TIER. ALL ASSESSMENT &
MARK SCHEME CERTIFICATION SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Relative atomic mass (Ar).
Answer: How much an atom weighs. Found on the Periodic Table.
◍ OH-.
Answer: What is the formula for a hydroxide ion?
◍ solute.
Answer: Give the term being defined: Substance that dissolves in a liquid to
make a solution.
◍ no.
Answer: Do covalent compounds conduct electricity?
◍ 2.
Answer: If an element is in group 2, how many electrons are there in the
outer shell?
◍ high because of the strong electrostatic forces between the ions.
Answer: Are the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds high or low
and why?
◍ +.
Answer: If an element is in group 1, what will the charge on the ion be?
◍ The law of conservation of mass.
, Answer: The total mass of the products formed in a reaction is equal to the
total mass of the reactants
◍ they contain the same number of protons.
Answer: What do atoms of an element have in common?
◍ Acid.
Answer: When dissolved in water, it releases H⁺ and the solution has a pH
value < 7.
◍ ionic compounds in the molten state or dissolved in water.
Answer: What are electrolytes?
◍ sodium, potassium and ammonium.
Answer: Give 3 examples of cations that form soluble carbonates
◍ Electrolysis.
Answer: The breakdown of a substance containing ions by electricity
◍ Shell.
Answer: An area in an atom, around its nucleus, where electrons are found
◍ Hydrogen and oxygen.
Answer: Gases which are often produced at the electrode instead of other
elements during electrolysis of solutions.
◍ Electrolyte.
Answer: The liquid which is broken down into separate elements during
electrolysis
◍ at the cathode.
Answer: Where does reduction occur during electrolysis?
◍ Alloys are hard because....
Answer: the layers of atoms are disrupted (not neat), so cannot slide over
each other
◍ Ore.
Answer: Rock which contains enough metal to make it economically
, worthwhile to extract.
◍ Substances have high melting points because...
Answer: There are strong bonds between their particles
◍ silver and lead.
Answer: Give 2 examples of metals that form insoluble chlorides
◍ Substances DO conduct electricity if....
Answer: they contain free moving electrons or ions
◍ natural gas.
Answer: What is hydrogen obtained from?
◍ heating with carbon and electrolysis.
Answer: Give 2 methods of extracting metals from their ores
◍ Base.
Answer: The oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate of a metal that will react with
an acid to form a salt.
◍ Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different
number of neutrons.
Answer: What is an isotope?
◍ it decreases by 1.
Answer: What happens to pH as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
increases by a factor of 10?
◍ at the anode.
Answer: Where does oxidation occur during electrolysis?
◍ by changing the reaction conditions.
Answer: How can the direction of some reversible reactions be altered?
◍ The higher the temperature, the more particles will have...
Answer: enough energy to react (the activation energy)
◍ a positively charged ion.
Answer: What is a cation?
