PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 EVALUATION UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Biosphere - ✔✔broadest level encompassing planet earth and the atmosphere; all
capable of sustaining living organisms
✔✔Ecosystem - ✔✔a system of living and non-living things in a region. Grasslands,
forests, desserts, tundra, savanna, aquatic regions, rainforests, and coral reefs
including the plants, organisms, soils, and climate conditions associated are all
examples of ecosystems.
✔✔Communities - ✔✔all the collective organisms living within a biological ecosystem.
Communities include all living organisms such as plants, fungi, grasses, animals, and
even microscopic organisms such as bacteria and protists.
✔✔Populations - ✔✔a group of one particular species living within defined boundaries
of a community. Several different types of populations make up a community.
✔✔Organisms - ✔✔are the individual living members of a population
✔✔organ systems - ✔✔a group of organs classified as a unit because of shared
functions
✔✔organs - ✔✔which is a structure composed of two or more tissue types, that
performs a common function
✔✔tissues - ✔✔group of similar cells and the immediate environment surrounding them.
are composed of cells which are the basic and structural unit of life
✔✔Cells - ✔✔living structures with organelles ("little organs") that function on a
microscopic level to keep the individual alive
✔✔atoms and molecules - ✔✔smallest level of biological organization is at the chemical
level.
✔✔taxa - ✔✔Each level of classification forms a hierarchy, referred to as
✔✔Linnaean classification - ✔✔this system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the
18th century and is still used by scientists today. The taxa are ordered by level of
specificity in addition to shared characteristics going from broad to specific.
✔✔Domain - ✔✔The largest and broadest category, which encompasses all the other
taxa
, ✔✔What are the 3 Domains - ✔✔(1) Archaea, (2) Eubacteria, and (3) Eukarya
✔✔What are the 6 Kingdoms - ✔✔Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species
✔✔Latin binomial names - ✔✔used to identify individual organisms of a certain species
✔✔Binomial naming - ✔✔The first part is the genus name, and the second part is the
unique species. For example, a coyote's scientific name is Canis latrans (C. latrans),
and a gray wolf is Canis lupus (C. lupus).
✔✔Phylogeny - ✔✔a strategy through which scientists trace the evolutionary history
and diversification of a group or species
✔✔phylogenic tree - ✔✔a branching diagram that shows the relationship between
different levels of Linnaean classification taxa. They provide a visual representation of
dichotomies concerning evolutionary relationships and enables scientists to unite
phylogeny with the classic Linnaean classification systems
✔✔sister taxa - ✔✔The branches that arise from the shared point represent different
species
✔✔rooted tree - ✔✔node or "root" that is shared between the leaves on the tree. The
leaves are meant to represent all the organisms that have a shared evolutionary link to
the main, node
✔✔unrooted tree - ✔✔illustrates levels of relatedness without making hypothesis about
common or shared ancestry
✔✔Archaea - ✔✔Members of this domain are single-celled, microscopic organisms with
a prokaryotic cell structure and reproduce by binary fission.
✔✔plasmids - ✔✔instead have a nucleoid region with single, circular DNA containing
structures
✔✔Ribosomal RNA - ✔✔molecules that facilitate the assembly of amino acids in a
protein chain and form ribosomes within the cell. It is necessary component for all living
cells to synthesize proteins
✔✔pseudopeptidoglycan - ✔✔these cells have walls, but the composition is different
from that of the other two domains, characterized by membranes composed of
branched, hydrocarbon chains attached to a glycerol via ether linkages
✔✔extremophiles - ✔✔Although most Archaea are found in normal environmental
conditions, a small subset are known to thrive in extreme environments. For Example,
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Biosphere - ✔✔broadest level encompassing planet earth and the atmosphere; all
capable of sustaining living organisms
✔✔Ecosystem - ✔✔a system of living and non-living things in a region. Grasslands,
forests, desserts, tundra, savanna, aquatic regions, rainforests, and coral reefs
including the plants, organisms, soils, and climate conditions associated are all
examples of ecosystems.
✔✔Communities - ✔✔all the collective organisms living within a biological ecosystem.
Communities include all living organisms such as plants, fungi, grasses, animals, and
even microscopic organisms such as bacteria and protists.
✔✔Populations - ✔✔a group of one particular species living within defined boundaries
of a community. Several different types of populations make up a community.
✔✔Organisms - ✔✔are the individual living members of a population
✔✔organ systems - ✔✔a group of organs classified as a unit because of shared
functions
✔✔organs - ✔✔which is a structure composed of two or more tissue types, that
performs a common function
✔✔tissues - ✔✔group of similar cells and the immediate environment surrounding them.
are composed of cells which are the basic and structural unit of life
✔✔Cells - ✔✔living structures with organelles ("little organs") that function on a
microscopic level to keep the individual alive
✔✔atoms and molecules - ✔✔smallest level of biological organization is at the chemical
level.
✔✔taxa - ✔✔Each level of classification forms a hierarchy, referred to as
✔✔Linnaean classification - ✔✔this system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the
18th century and is still used by scientists today. The taxa are ordered by level of
specificity in addition to shared characteristics going from broad to specific.
✔✔Domain - ✔✔The largest and broadest category, which encompasses all the other
taxa
, ✔✔What are the 3 Domains - ✔✔(1) Archaea, (2) Eubacteria, and (3) Eukarya
✔✔What are the 6 Kingdoms - ✔✔Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species
✔✔Latin binomial names - ✔✔used to identify individual organisms of a certain species
✔✔Binomial naming - ✔✔The first part is the genus name, and the second part is the
unique species. For example, a coyote's scientific name is Canis latrans (C. latrans),
and a gray wolf is Canis lupus (C. lupus).
✔✔Phylogeny - ✔✔a strategy through which scientists trace the evolutionary history
and diversification of a group or species
✔✔phylogenic tree - ✔✔a branching diagram that shows the relationship between
different levels of Linnaean classification taxa. They provide a visual representation of
dichotomies concerning evolutionary relationships and enables scientists to unite
phylogeny with the classic Linnaean classification systems
✔✔sister taxa - ✔✔The branches that arise from the shared point represent different
species
✔✔rooted tree - ✔✔node or "root" that is shared between the leaves on the tree. The
leaves are meant to represent all the organisms that have a shared evolutionary link to
the main, node
✔✔unrooted tree - ✔✔illustrates levels of relatedness without making hypothesis about
common or shared ancestry
✔✔Archaea - ✔✔Members of this domain are single-celled, microscopic organisms with
a prokaryotic cell structure and reproduce by binary fission.
✔✔plasmids - ✔✔instead have a nucleoid region with single, circular DNA containing
structures
✔✔Ribosomal RNA - ✔✔molecules that facilitate the assembly of amino acids in a
protein chain and form ribosomes within the cell. It is necessary component for all living
cells to synthesize proteins
✔✔pseudopeptidoglycan - ✔✔these cells have walls, but the composition is different
from that of the other two domains, characterized by membranes composed of
branched, hydrocarbon chains attached to a glycerol via ether linkages
✔✔extremophiles - ✔✔Although most Archaea are found in normal environmental
conditions, a small subset are known to thrive in extreme environments. For Example,
