FRESENIUS RN NURSE MAIN CORE EXAMS QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔These are charged particles that can conduct an electrical current. In the body, they
control, motor, muscle, and nerve functions and maintain the body's homeostasis. -
✔✔Electrolytes
✔✔The most important electrolytes to consider (Boy come meet peter piper son) -
✔✔Bicarbonate, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphate, Potassium, Sodium
✔✔What's the normal PH of blood? - ✔✔7.35-7.45
✔✔This is the state of too much acid in the blood. - ✔✔Metabolic Acidosis
✔✔Bicarbonate is added to the dialysate to help maintain patient's ____ - ✔✔PH
✔✔Dialysate must have a pH close to that of ______ so it does not change the blood's -
✔✔normal pH
✔✔The following are symptoms of what? Thirst, dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes,
poor skin turgor, low grade temp, decrease urine output, dry skin, weakness, cramping,
low blood pressure, lethargy - ✔✔dehydration
✔✔The following are symptoms of what? edema/ pitting edema, productive cough, sob,
increased bp, bounding pulse, neck vein distention, cyanosis, anxiety, restlessness,
confusion - ✔✔fluid overload
✔✔The movement of solutes through a semipermeable membrane from an area of area
of greater concentration of solutes to an area of lesser concentration of solutes until the
concentrations equal out is called... - ✔✔diffusion
✔✔The movement of fluid through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser
concentration to an area of greater solute concentration until equilibrium is reached is
alled - ✔✔osmosis
✔✔At what point during HD will diffusion cease to occur? - ✔✔Until the concentration of
each electrolyte found in the patient's blood is equal to the concentration in the dialysate
✔✔Dialysate is composed of these 3 things: - ✔✔1. purified water
2. acid solution
3. bicarbonate solution
✔✔Why is dextrose added to the dialysate? - ✔✔To prevent hypoglycemia
, ✔✔What is the purpose of checking the dialysate? - ✔✔To verify that the dialysate is
compatible with human pH, conductivity and temperature to prevent hemolysis (cell
death) or crenation (cell shrinkage)
✔✔Name the four ways dialysate is checked... - ✔✔1. pH
2. Conductivity
3. Temperature
4. The dialysate is checked for residual chlorine (bleach) after routine (weekly) machine
disinfection and before the first tx after the disinfection
✔✔When should conductivity and pH of dialysate be checked? - ✔✔Prior to the
initiation of every tx using a phoenix meter with 2 individuals.
✔✔True or False? Conductivity and pH of dialysate should be checked before the
Hanson connectors are attached to the dialyzer. - ✔✔True
✔✔True or False? The sample for conductivity testing is obtained from the arterial/red
dialysate line. - ✔✔False!!! venous/blue dialysate line
✔✔What are the normal ranges for temp, conductivity and pH of dialysate? - ✔✔Temp
(between 35-39 C)
pH (The approved AAMI pH range is 6.9-7.6)
Conductivity (12.6-15.9)
✔✔Body size, clearance needs, ultrafiltration needs and membrane biocompatibility are
all - ✔✔Factors used in the selection of a dialyzer for a patient
✔✔Name 3 symptoms of dialyzer membrane allergy: - ✔✔sneezing, itching, pain at
access site, chest pain, rashing, hives, fever
✔✔What type of dialyzer is recommended for dialyzer sensitiviey - ✔✔Using a dialyzer
sterilized by electron beam instead of ethylene oxide (FMS E-Beam Dializers)
✔✔When is dialyzer sensitivity reaction usually seen? - ✔✔In the first half-hour of
treatment
✔✔How many compartments do a dialyzer have? What are they? How are they
separated?Do they mix? - ✔✔2; blood & dialysate; semipermeable membrane; No
✔✔A semipermeable membrane is made from ______, with small ____ or ______.
These are too large to pass through a semipermeable membrane. - ✔✔protein, holes or
pores; red blood cells and proteins
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔These are charged particles that can conduct an electrical current. In the body, they
control, motor, muscle, and nerve functions and maintain the body's homeostasis. -
✔✔Electrolytes
✔✔The most important electrolytes to consider (Boy come meet peter piper son) -
✔✔Bicarbonate, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphate, Potassium, Sodium
✔✔What's the normal PH of blood? - ✔✔7.35-7.45
✔✔This is the state of too much acid in the blood. - ✔✔Metabolic Acidosis
✔✔Bicarbonate is added to the dialysate to help maintain patient's ____ - ✔✔PH
✔✔Dialysate must have a pH close to that of ______ so it does not change the blood's -
✔✔normal pH
✔✔The following are symptoms of what? Thirst, dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes,
poor skin turgor, low grade temp, decrease urine output, dry skin, weakness, cramping,
low blood pressure, lethargy - ✔✔dehydration
✔✔The following are symptoms of what? edema/ pitting edema, productive cough, sob,
increased bp, bounding pulse, neck vein distention, cyanosis, anxiety, restlessness,
confusion - ✔✔fluid overload
✔✔The movement of solutes through a semipermeable membrane from an area of area
of greater concentration of solutes to an area of lesser concentration of solutes until the
concentrations equal out is called... - ✔✔diffusion
✔✔The movement of fluid through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser
concentration to an area of greater solute concentration until equilibrium is reached is
alled - ✔✔osmosis
✔✔At what point during HD will diffusion cease to occur? - ✔✔Until the concentration of
each electrolyte found in the patient's blood is equal to the concentration in the dialysate
✔✔Dialysate is composed of these 3 things: - ✔✔1. purified water
2. acid solution
3. bicarbonate solution
✔✔Why is dextrose added to the dialysate? - ✔✔To prevent hypoglycemia
, ✔✔What is the purpose of checking the dialysate? - ✔✔To verify that the dialysate is
compatible with human pH, conductivity and temperature to prevent hemolysis (cell
death) or crenation (cell shrinkage)
✔✔Name the four ways dialysate is checked... - ✔✔1. pH
2. Conductivity
3. Temperature
4. The dialysate is checked for residual chlorine (bleach) after routine (weekly) machine
disinfection and before the first tx after the disinfection
✔✔When should conductivity and pH of dialysate be checked? - ✔✔Prior to the
initiation of every tx using a phoenix meter with 2 individuals.
✔✔True or False? Conductivity and pH of dialysate should be checked before the
Hanson connectors are attached to the dialyzer. - ✔✔True
✔✔True or False? The sample for conductivity testing is obtained from the arterial/red
dialysate line. - ✔✔False!!! venous/blue dialysate line
✔✔What are the normal ranges for temp, conductivity and pH of dialysate? - ✔✔Temp
(between 35-39 C)
pH (The approved AAMI pH range is 6.9-7.6)
Conductivity (12.6-15.9)
✔✔Body size, clearance needs, ultrafiltration needs and membrane biocompatibility are
all - ✔✔Factors used in the selection of a dialyzer for a patient
✔✔Name 3 symptoms of dialyzer membrane allergy: - ✔✔sneezing, itching, pain at
access site, chest pain, rashing, hives, fever
✔✔What type of dialyzer is recommended for dialyzer sensitiviey - ✔✔Using a dialyzer
sterilized by electron beam instead of ethylene oxide (FMS E-Beam Dializers)
✔✔When is dialyzer sensitivity reaction usually seen? - ✔✔In the first half-hour of
treatment
✔✔How many compartments do a dialyzer have? What are they? How are they
separated?Do they mix? - ✔✔2; blood & dialysate; semipermeable membrane; No
✔✔A semipermeable membrane is made from ______, with small ____ or ______.
These are too large to pass through a semipermeable membrane. - ✔✔protein, holes or
pores; red blood cells and proteins
