BIO 116 1 MIAMI UNIVERSITY
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ If a hypothesis is supported by one experiment, the next step in the scientific
method is to....
Answer: Test the same hypothesis using a different prediction
◍ A company is testing the effects of an additive to candles that is supposed to
repel mosquitoes (this is the hypothesis). They predict that mosquito traps
will catch fewer mosquitoes over the course of four hours when the traps are
place near a candle with the additive added compared to traps near candles
without the additive. The company tests their prediction by placing fifty
candles with the additive around a large, outdoor space with traps near each
candle. After four hours they collect the traps and count the mosquitoes.
Two weeks later, they repeat the procedure using candles without the
additive. What is wrong this scenario?.
Answer: Temperature, rainfall, and wind are not controlled variables
◍ Number of naturally occurring elements.
Answer: 90
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
, I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived. Control group?.
Answer: Flies raised on diet with no added cholesterol
◍ number of elements making up life.
Answer: 24
◍ living matter is 95%......
Answer: C, H, O, N
◍ Covalent bonds.
Answer: sharing of electronsstrong polar or non-polar bondsrequire energy
to break
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived.Dependent variable?.
Answer: Number of flies surviving low temperature
◍ ionic bonds.
Answer: transfer of electrons"ions" (+ or -)attraction (weak- break apart in
H2O)
,◍ hydrogen bonds.
Answer: Very weak bond created by the attraction of a slightly positive
hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another moleculetypical:
H2O and NH3
◍ Hydrophililc.
Answer: polar (water loving)
◍ Hydrophobic.
Answer: non-polar (water resisting)
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived.Controlled variable?.
Answer: Time the flies were exposed to the low temperature
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
, mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived.Valid prediction?.
Answer: Fruit flies on a diet with higher cholesterol will have greater
survival rates when exposed to -5°C
◍ Imagine that you were able to magically add two neutrons to carbon atoms
(element 6). What would this create?.
Answer: Different isotope of carbon
◍ Why are certain isotopes of elements useful in medical imaging
technologies?.
Answer: Radioactive decay of unstable isotopes allow their location and
movement within the body to be visualized
◍ amphipathic.
Answer: A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic
region.
◍ Sulfur can form two covalent bonds like oxygen, but it is less
electronegative than oxygen. Compared to water molecules, how will the
H2S molecules behave?.
Answer: More likely to be a gas at room temperature
◍ most dense form of water.
Answer: liquid
◍ Which of the following is NOT an example of how hydrogen bonds affect
the chemistry of living organisms?.
Answer: The number of hydrogen bonds in fatty acids determines if
triglycerides are saturated or unsaturated.
◍ polymers made by extracting water.
Answer: dehydration
◍ polymers broken by adding water.
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ If a hypothesis is supported by one experiment, the next step in the scientific
method is to....
Answer: Test the same hypothesis using a different prediction
◍ A company is testing the effects of an additive to candles that is supposed to
repel mosquitoes (this is the hypothesis). They predict that mosquito traps
will catch fewer mosquitoes over the course of four hours when the traps are
place near a candle with the additive added compared to traps near candles
without the additive. The company tests their prediction by placing fifty
candles with the additive around a large, outdoor space with traps near each
candle. After four hours they collect the traps and count the mosquitoes.
Two weeks later, they repeat the procedure using candles without the
additive. What is wrong this scenario?.
Answer: Temperature, rainfall, and wind are not controlled variables
◍ Number of naturally occurring elements.
Answer: 90
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
, I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived. Control group?.
Answer: Flies raised on diet with no added cholesterol
◍ number of elements making up life.
Answer: 24
◍ living matter is 95%......
Answer: C, H, O, N
◍ Covalent bonds.
Answer: sharing of electronsstrong polar or non-polar bondsrequire energy
to break
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived.Dependent variable?.
Answer: Number of flies surviving low temperature
◍ ionic bonds.
Answer: transfer of electrons"ions" (+ or -)attraction (weak- break apart in
H2O)
,◍ hydrogen bonds.
Answer: Very weak bond created by the attraction of a slightly positive
hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another moleculetypical:
H2O and NH3
◍ Hydrophililc.
Answer: polar (water loving)
◍ Hydrophobic.
Answer: non-polar (water resisting)
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived.Controlled variable?.
Answer: Time the flies were exposed to the low temperature
◍ As an undergraduate, I studied the effects of low temperature on insects.
One experiment I did was to test the effects of cholesterol on the ability of
fruit flies to survive high sub-zero temperatures. Insects cannot make
cholesterol on their own, and must consume it as part of their diet.
Cholesterol is an important component of cell membranes, and we thought
that cholesterol might be important in keeping cell membranes working
properly at low temperatures. I had several vials of fruit flies. In some vials,
I fed the flies their normal diet with no cholesterol added. In other vials, I
added 5 mg/mL of cholesterol to the flies' diet, and in others I added 10
, mg/mL to their diet. After several generations of flies had grown up on these
diets, I took flies from each vial and slowly cooled them to -5°C for two
hours. After returning them to room temperature, I counted how many flies
survived.Valid prediction?.
Answer: Fruit flies on a diet with higher cholesterol will have greater
survival rates when exposed to -5°C
◍ Imagine that you were able to magically add two neutrons to carbon atoms
(element 6). What would this create?.
Answer: Different isotope of carbon
◍ Why are certain isotopes of elements useful in medical imaging
technologies?.
Answer: Radioactive decay of unstable isotopes allow their location and
movement within the body to be visualized
◍ amphipathic.
Answer: A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic
region.
◍ Sulfur can form two covalent bonds like oxygen, but it is less
electronegative than oxygen. Compared to water molecules, how will the
H2S molecules behave?.
Answer: More likely to be a gas at room temperature
◍ most dense form of water.
Answer: liquid
◍ Which of the following is NOT an example of how hydrogen bonds affect
the chemistry of living organisms?.
Answer: The number of hydrogen bonds in fatty acids determines if
triglycerides are saturated or unsaturated.
◍ polymers made by extracting water.
Answer: dehydration
◍ polymers broken by adding water.
