BIO 116 1 MIAMI UNIVERSITY
PRACTICE EXAMINATION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ what are weaker ionic or covalent bonds.
Answer: ionic
◍ How do plants adjust to stimuli?.
Answer: LightDay/NightSeasonStressGravityStresses
◍ Transduction.
Answer: Activation of a signal transduction pathways
◍ photomorphogenesis.
Answer: Effects of light on plant morphology.Weak
◍ photosynthesis.
Answer: Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into
sugars
◍ Photoreceptors.
Answer: Pigments that are proteins with an attached light absorbing
chromophore
◍ blue-light photoreceptors.
Answer: phototropism, opening of stomata, slowing of hypocotyl elongation
and Chloroplast movement
◍ phytochromes (red light receptors).
Answer: De-etiolationSeed germinationShade avoidancePhotoperiodism and
flowering
,◍ What does a red light do in plants?.
Answer: It stimulates growth
◍ what 4 atoms make up the most of the human body.
Answer: CHON
◍ what type of bond is LiCl.
Answer: ionic, weak
◍ What does Far red light do in plants?.
Answer: It inhibits germinations in plants
◍ all reactions of life take place in an aqueous enviorment t or f.
Answer: true
◍ what is the 10^x of PH of 9.
Answer: H+=10^-9, OH-=10^-5
◍ Phytochrome receptor (Pr).
Answer: absorbs red light
◍ Phyrochrome receeptor (Ptr).
Answer: Absorbs far red light
◍ what type of molecule is amphipathic.
Answer: phospholipid
◍ What are the responses of Pfr?.
Answer: -seed germination-inhibition of vertical growth and stimulation of
branching-setting internal clocks-control of floweringSlow conversion in
dark light
◍ night length is responsible for ?.
Answer: Controls the flowing and has the most important factors.They
measure using Pfr
◍ what is amphipathic.
Answer: meaning both hydrophillic and hydrophobic
,◍ what makes a fat unsaturated.
Answer: double bonds between Cs that put a kink in the shape of the
molecule
◍ what is the area of the prokaryotic cell that holds the dna.
Answer: nucleoid
◍ When is the Pfr lower?.
Answer: During long nights
◍ what can be found in the outer layer of the nucleus.
Answer: chromatin
◍ what can be found in the inner nucleolus.
Answer: DNA
◍ long-day plants.
Answer: these plants flower when nights are SHORTER than a critical
lengthDuring spring on early summerThey include lettuce, radish and cereal
◍ short day plants.
Answer: flower when nights are longer than a critical lengthDuring summer
or early fallSoybean
◍ day/night in plants.
Answer: Flower regardless of the night length as long as the day length
meets the minimal requirements for plant growth
◍ what is true of transcription and translation of DNA in a prokaryote.
Answer: they occur at the same time in the cytosol
◍ Flowering response to day/night is mediated by what?.
Answer: Phytochrome
◍ Transmissible.
Answer: Ficrigen that moves from a flowering short day plant to a
non-flowing long day plants
◍ Gene-Gene recognition.
, Answer: Diseases resistance (R) genes
◍ hypersensitive response.
Answer: Local cell and tissue death at and near the infection siteRestricts the
spread of a pathogen
◍ Generalized defense responses in organs distant from the infectious site are
called.
Answer: Systemic acquired resistance
◍ what type of bonds hold proteins together.
Answer: peptide bonds
◍ What are the plants hormones involved in signaling transduction?.
Answer: Salicylic acid (SA)Jasmonic acid (JA)Ethylene (ET)
◍ a peptide bond occurs at which atoms.
Answer: the carboxyl group of one atom with the nitrogen base of another
◍ what do phosphodiester bonds hold together.
Answer: nucleotides/nucleic acids
◍ What protects the development of flowers bud before it opens?.
Answer: Sepal
◍ What are modified leaves?.
Answer: petals
◍ What are Stamen and what are they composed of?.
Answer: They are male reproductive structures and are composed of anthers
and filament
◍ what do glycosidic bonds hold together.
Answer: hold monosaccharides together to form polysaccharides
◍ What are female reproductive structures and what do they contain?.
Answer: Carpel(Pistal)They contain stigma, Style and Ovary that contains
ovule
◍ what is a signaling molecule called.
PRACTICE EXAMINATION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ what are weaker ionic or covalent bonds.
Answer: ionic
◍ How do plants adjust to stimuli?.
Answer: LightDay/NightSeasonStressGravityStresses
◍ Transduction.
Answer: Activation of a signal transduction pathways
◍ photomorphogenesis.
Answer: Effects of light on plant morphology.Weak
◍ photosynthesis.
Answer: Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into
sugars
◍ Photoreceptors.
Answer: Pigments that are proteins with an attached light absorbing
chromophore
◍ blue-light photoreceptors.
Answer: phototropism, opening of stomata, slowing of hypocotyl elongation
and Chloroplast movement
◍ phytochromes (red light receptors).
Answer: De-etiolationSeed germinationShade avoidancePhotoperiodism and
flowering
,◍ What does a red light do in plants?.
Answer: It stimulates growth
◍ what 4 atoms make up the most of the human body.
Answer: CHON
◍ what type of bond is LiCl.
Answer: ionic, weak
◍ What does Far red light do in plants?.
Answer: It inhibits germinations in plants
◍ all reactions of life take place in an aqueous enviorment t or f.
Answer: true
◍ what is the 10^x of PH of 9.
Answer: H+=10^-9, OH-=10^-5
◍ Phytochrome receptor (Pr).
Answer: absorbs red light
◍ Phyrochrome receeptor (Ptr).
Answer: Absorbs far red light
◍ what type of molecule is amphipathic.
Answer: phospholipid
◍ What are the responses of Pfr?.
Answer: -seed germination-inhibition of vertical growth and stimulation of
branching-setting internal clocks-control of floweringSlow conversion in
dark light
◍ night length is responsible for ?.
Answer: Controls the flowing and has the most important factors.They
measure using Pfr
◍ what is amphipathic.
Answer: meaning both hydrophillic and hydrophobic
,◍ what makes a fat unsaturated.
Answer: double bonds between Cs that put a kink in the shape of the
molecule
◍ what is the area of the prokaryotic cell that holds the dna.
Answer: nucleoid
◍ When is the Pfr lower?.
Answer: During long nights
◍ what can be found in the outer layer of the nucleus.
Answer: chromatin
◍ what can be found in the inner nucleolus.
Answer: DNA
◍ long-day plants.
Answer: these plants flower when nights are SHORTER than a critical
lengthDuring spring on early summerThey include lettuce, radish and cereal
◍ short day plants.
Answer: flower when nights are longer than a critical lengthDuring summer
or early fallSoybean
◍ day/night in plants.
Answer: Flower regardless of the night length as long as the day length
meets the minimal requirements for plant growth
◍ what is true of transcription and translation of DNA in a prokaryote.
Answer: they occur at the same time in the cytosol
◍ Flowering response to day/night is mediated by what?.
Answer: Phytochrome
◍ Transmissible.
Answer: Ficrigen that moves from a flowering short day plant to a
non-flowing long day plants
◍ Gene-Gene recognition.
, Answer: Diseases resistance (R) genes
◍ hypersensitive response.
Answer: Local cell and tissue death at and near the infection siteRestricts the
spread of a pathogen
◍ Generalized defense responses in organs distant from the infectious site are
called.
Answer: Systemic acquired resistance
◍ what type of bonds hold proteins together.
Answer: peptide bonds
◍ What are the plants hormones involved in signaling transduction?.
Answer: Salicylic acid (SA)Jasmonic acid (JA)Ethylene (ET)
◍ a peptide bond occurs at which atoms.
Answer: the carboxyl group of one atom with the nitrogen base of another
◍ what do phosphodiester bonds hold together.
Answer: nucleotides/nucleic acids
◍ What protects the development of flowers bud before it opens?.
Answer: Sepal
◍ What are modified leaves?.
Answer: petals
◍ What are Stamen and what are they composed of?.
Answer: They are male reproductive structures and are composed of anthers
and filament
◍ what do glycosidic bonds hold together.
Answer: hold monosaccharides together to form polysaccharides
◍ What are female reproductive structures and what do they contain?.
Answer: Carpel(Pistal)They contain stigma, Style and Ovary that contains
ovule
◍ what is a signaling molecule called.
