BIO 152 MODULE 4 ACTUAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Translation.
Answer: The process where ribosomes read mRNA and assemble amino
acids to form a protein.
◍ Environmental risks of GMOs.
Answer: Possible ecological effects such as unintended harm to other
species or ecosystems.
◍ Ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Answer: RNA that forms part of the ribosome and helps catalyze protein
synthesis.
◍ Transgenic organism.
Answer: An organism that contains DNA from another species inserted into
its genome.
◍ Health risks of GM foods.
Answer: Concerns about allergens or toxins, though research shows GM
foods are generally as safe as non-GM foods.
◍ Artificial selection examples.
Answer: Examples include modern corn bred from teosinte and
domesticated dog breeds from wolves.
◍ Recombinant DNA.
Answer: DNA created by combining genetic material from two different
organisms.
◍ Differences between GMOs and selective breeding.
, Answer: Selective breeding alters many genes slowly over generations;
genetic engineering targets specific genes quickly and can cross species.
◍ DNA ligase.
Answer: An enzyme that joins DNA fragments together.
◍ Nitrogenous bases.
Answer: Molecules that encode genetic information in DNA and RNA.
◍ Amino acids.
Answer: The building blocks of proteins that link together to form
polypeptides.
◍ Genetic engineering.
Answer: The manipulation of genes using biotechnology to create organisms
with useful traits.
◍ AquAdvantage salmon.
Answer: A genetically engineered Atlantic salmon that grows year-round
due to inserted growth-related genes.
◍ Transfer RNA (tRNA).
Answer: RNA molecule that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome
and contains an anticodon matching mRNA codons.
◍ Nucleotide.
Answer: The basic building block of DNA and RNA.
◍ Double helix.
Answer: The structure of DNA consisting of two complementary strands
twisted around each other.
◍ Polypeptide.
Answer: A chain of amino acids that folds into a functional protein.
◍ Selective breeding (artificial selection).
Answer: Humans choose organisms with desirable traits to reproduce so
those traits become more common in future generations.
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Translation.
Answer: The process where ribosomes read mRNA and assemble amino
acids to form a protein.
◍ Environmental risks of GMOs.
Answer: Possible ecological effects such as unintended harm to other
species or ecosystems.
◍ Ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Answer: RNA that forms part of the ribosome and helps catalyze protein
synthesis.
◍ Transgenic organism.
Answer: An organism that contains DNA from another species inserted into
its genome.
◍ Health risks of GM foods.
Answer: Concerns about allergens or toxins, though research shows GM
foods are generally as safe as non-GM foods.
◍ Artificial selection examples.
Answer: Examples include modern corn bred from teosinte and
domesticated dog breeds from wolves.
◍ Recombinant DNA.
Answer: DNA created by combining genetic material from two different
organisms.
◍ Differences between GMOs and selective breeding.
, Answer: Selective breeding alters many genes slowly over generations;
genetic engineering targets specific genes quickly and can cross species.
◍ DNA ligase.
Answer: An enzyme that joins DNA fragments together.
◍ Nitrogenous bases.
Answer: Molecules that encode genetic information in DNA and RNA.
◍ Amino acids.
Answer: The building blocks of proteins that link together to form
polypeptides.
◍ Genetic engineering.
Answer: The manipulation of genes using biotechnology to create organisms
with useful traits.
◍ AquAdvantage salmon.
Answer: A genetically engineered Atlantic salmon that grows year-round
due to inserted growth-related genes.
◍ Transfer RNA (tRNA).
Answer: RNA molecule that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome
and contains an anticodon matching mRNA codons.
◍ Nucleotide.
Answer: The basic building block of DNA and RNA.
◍ Double helix.
Answer: The structure of DNA consisting of two complementary strands
twisted around each other.
◍ Polypeptide.
Answer: A chain of amino acids that folds into a functional protein.
◍ Selective breeding (artificial selection).
Answer: Humans choose organisms with desirable traits to reproduce so
those traits become more common in future generations.
