BIO 243 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Grade Sprains.
Answer: 1st: 0-20% damage2nd: 20-70% damage3rd: 70-100%
damageR.I.C.E Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevate
◍ Fast Oxidative Fibers.
Answer: Moderate speed and endurance - Example: middle distance running
◍ upper limbs, lower limbs, shoulder bones, and hip bones.
Answer: What makes up the appendicular skeleton?
◍ 5.
Answer: How many metatarsal bones are there?
◍ capitulum of humerus.
Answer: What feature is this?
◍ Gout.
Answer: Uric acid crystal buildup in joints causing pain - Example: big toe
inflammation
◍ Trochlear Nerve.
Answer: Mixed = Motor and Sensory Eye movement - Diplopia
◍ Oxygen Saturation.
Answer: Percent of oxygen carried in blood — Normal range: 95-100%
◍ CNS.
Answer: Brain + Spinal Cord
◍ how do bacterial flagella move.
, Answer: They rotate like a propeller.
◍ list environmental habitats where microbes are found.
Answer: soil, water, air/dust, plants, animals/humans
(skin/mouth/intestines,) and extreme enviornments (hot springs, deep sea
vents)
◍ what happens to plant cells in a hypertonic solution.
Answer: plasmolysis (membrane pulls away from the wall)
◍ Medical field studying skin.
Answer: Dermatology
◍ Botulism - Botox.
Answer: Odorless & Tasteless Improperly canned food Prevents the
release of ACH = Flaccid Paralysis in the Diaphragm
◍ Hemiplegia.
Answer: Paralysis on one side of the bodyex. Right Arm, Right Leg
STROKE
◍ What is equilibrium?.
Answer: Equilibrium is the state where the concentration of substances is
equal across a space, which can be reached through diffusion and other
processes.
◍ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer: Net-like membrane organelles within muscle cells that regulate Ca
storage, release, and uptake
◍ what is pH.
Answer: a measure of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration in a solution
◍ trapezium.
Answer: What bone is this?
◍ What is the main function of the respiratory system?.
Answer: Gas exchange and vocalization.
2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Grade Sprains.
Answer: 1st: 0-20% damage2nd: 20-70% damage3rd: 70-100%
damageR.I.C.E Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevate
◍ Fast Oxidative Fibers.
Answer: Moderate speed and endurance - Example: middle distance running
◍ upper limbs, lower limbs, shoulder bones, and hip bones.
Answer: What makes up the appendicular skeleton?
◍ 5.
Answer: How many metatarsal bones are there?
◍ capitulum of humerus.
Answer: What feature is this?
◍ Gout.
Answer: Uric acid crystal buildup in joints causing pain - Example: big toe
inflammation
◍ Trochlear Nerve.
Answer: Mixed = Motor and Sensory Eye movement - Diplopia
◍ Oxygen Saturation.
Answer: Percent of oxygen carried in blood — Normal range: 95-100%
◍ CNS.
Answer: Brain + Spinal Cord
◍ how do bacterial flagella move.
, Answer: They rotate like a propeller.
◍ list environmental habitats where microbes are found.
Answer: soil, water, air/dust, plants, animals/humans
(skin/mouth/intestines,) and extreme enviornments (hot springs, deep sea
vents)
◍ what happens to plant cells in a hypertonic solution.
Answer: plasmolysis (membrane pulls away from the wall)
◍ Medical field studying skin.
Answer: Dermatology
◍ Botulism - Botox.
Answer: Odorless & Tasteless Improperly canned food Prevents the
release of ACH = Flaccid Paralysis in the Diaphragm
◍ Hemiplegia.
Answer: Paralysis on one side of the bodyex. Right Arm, Right Leg
STROKE
◍ What is equilibrium?.
Answer: Equilibrium is the state where the concentration of substances is
equal across a space, which can be reached through diffusion and other
processes.
◍ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum.
Answer: Net-like membrane organelles within muscle cells that regulate Ca
storage, release, and uptake
◍ what is pH.
Answer: a measure of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration in a solution
◍ trapezium.
Answer: What bone is this?
◍ What is the main function of the respiratory system?.
Answer: Gas exchange and vocalization.
