BIO 250 MICROBIOLOGY LABS 1–8 2026
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICAL REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ Louis Pasteur. Answer: • father of microbiology and is the most
important scientist in microbiology
• showed that microbes are responsible for fermentation
• Fermentation: conversion of sugar to alcohol in the absence of air
• Discovered that pasteurization was something that could stop food
spoilage
• Pasteurization: the application of a high heat for a short time to kill
harmful bacteria in beverages
How was he lucky in his discovery of pasteurization?—there we're
no endospores and that would should have been detected during the
search for spontaneous generation but it didn't
◉ Robert Koch. Answer: Proved that bacterium causes anthrax and
provided the experimental steps of Koch's Postulate
◉ Edward Jenner. Answer: • Discovered vaccination (or the process
of vaccination)
Did it through using cow parts to vaccinate a child to protect against
small pox
,◉ Alexander Fleming. Answer: • Discovered the 1st antibiotic
• It was penicillin and it was totally found by accident
Staphylacoccus agnues
◉ Agostino Bassi. Answer: Believed that silk worm disease was
caused by a fungus
◉ Ignaz Semmelweis. Answer: • 1st person that came up with hand
washing
starting with delivering babies and babies we're dying and then
when they washed their hands the death rate when way down
◉ Woes. Answer: discovered the 3 domains and they were all based
on the sequences of nucleotides in rRNA
◉ Carols Linnaeus. Answer: established the system of scientific
nomenclature
◉ Spontaneous Generation. Answer: the hypothesis that life arises
from non living matter ; a vital force is necessary fro life
disproven by Louis Pasteur
, ◉ Biogenesis. Answer: the hypothesis that living cells arise only
from preexisting living cells
divide through the binary fission process
◉ Koch's Postulate. Answer: 1. take sample
2. grow it in a pure sample
3. inject it into the same type of organism but a new one
4. take sample form new organism
5. see that if it's the same microorganism that that's one that was the
culprit
◉ exceptions to koch's postulate. Answer: - Viruses like syphailis
and leprosy cannot grow in a artificial media therefore they have to
grow in a tissue culture in order for it to grow like we need it to
- Ethical issues
• Ex: HIV or E. Coli
◉ Microbial genetics. Answer: the study of how microbes inherit
traits
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICAL REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ Louis Pasteur. Answer: • father of microbiology and is the most
important scientist in microbiology
• showed that microbes are responsible for fermentation
• Fermentation: conversion of sugar to alcohol in the absence of air
• Discovered that pasteurization was something that could stop food
spoilage
• Pasteurization: the application of a high heat for a short time to kill
harmful bacteria in beverages
How was he lucky in his discovery of pasteurization?—there we're
no endospores and that would should have been detected during the
search for spontaneous generation but it didn't
◉ Robert Koch. Answer: Proved that bacterium causes anthrax and
provided the experimental steps of Koch's Postulate
◉ Edward Jenner. Answer: • Discovered vaccination (or the process
of vaccination)
Did it through using cow parts to vaccinate a child to protect against
small pox
,◉ Alexander Fleming. Answer: • Discovered the 1st antibiotic
• It was penicillin and it was totally found by accident
Staphylacoccus agnues
◉ Agostino Bassi. Answer: Believed that silk worm disease was
caused by a fungus
◉ Ignaz Semmelweis. Answer: • 1st person that came up with hand
washing
starting with delivering babies and babies we're dying and then
when they washed their hands the death rate when way down
◉ Woes. Answer: discovered the 3 domains and they were all based
on the sequences of nucleotides in rRNA
◉ Carols Linnaeus. Answer: established the system of scientific
nomenclature
◉ Spontaneous Generation. Answer: the hypothesis that life arises
from non living matter ; a vital force is necessary fro life
disproven by Louis Pasteur
, ◉ Biogenesis. Answer: the hypothesis that living cells arise only
from preexisting living cells
divide through the binary fission process
◉ Koch's Postulate. Answer: 1. take sample
2. grow it in a pure sample
3. inject it into the same type of organism but a new one
4. take sample form new organism
5. see that if it's the same microorganism that that's one that was the
culprit
◉ exceptions to koch's postulate. Answer: - Viruses like syphailis
and leprosy cannot grow in a artificial media therefore they have to
grow in a tissue culture in order for it to grow like we need it to
- Ethical issues
• Ex: HIV or E. Coli
◉ Microbial genetics. Answer: the study of how microbes inherit
traits
