CHEM 219 Modules 1–8 Exams &
Final Exam – Principles of
Organic Chemistry (2026/2027)
| Portage Learning – Verified
Q&A
1. What is the pH value that indicates a neutral substance?
0
4
7
10
14
2. What makes hydrogen bonds unique among dipole-dipole attractions?
They involve hydrogen atoms being attracted to highly
electronegative atoms like fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen.
They involve hydrogen atoms being repelled by electronegative
atoms.
They occur between two nonpolar molecules.
They are weaker than regular dipole-dipole attractions.
3. Explain why the net ionic equation for the reaction between HCl and
NaOH simplifies to H+ + OH- → H2O.
Because Na+ and Cl- are spectator ions and do not participate in
the reaction.
, Because HCl and NaOH completely dissociate in water.
Because H2O is the only product formed.
Because the reaction does not occur in aqueous solution.
4. Which of the following pairs of substances is commonly used to create a
buffer solution?
, NH3 and NH4Cl
NaCl and H2O
H2SO4 and NaOH
KCl and KOH
5. Explain why PbCl2 and AlPO4 are generally considered insoluble in water.
Which factors contribute to their solubility or lack thereof?
They have high molecular weights
They form strong ionic bonds
They have low lattice energies
They are non-polar compounds
6. In a chemical equilibrium, what happens to the position of equilibrium
when the volume of the reaction vessel is increased?
The equilibrium position remains unchanged
The equilibrium shifts towards the side with fewer moles of gas
The equilibrium shifts towards the side with more moles of gas
The reaction will proceed to completion
7. Explain why the compound NCl3 is named nitrogen trichloride instead of
nitrogen chloride.
It contains three chlorine atoms, which is indicated by the prefix
'tri'.
It is a gas at room temperature, which affects its naming.
It is a compound formed from nitrogen and chlorine, which requires
a different naming convention.
It has a higher molecular weight than nitrogen chloride.
, 8. Explain why the reaction AB → H2O + CO2 is classified as a combustion
reaction.
It involves the combination of two elements.
It produces water and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon.
It breaks down a compound into its elements.
It involves the transfer of electrons between reactants.
9. If a container is filled with a gas and then cooled, causing the gas to
condense into a liquid, what changes occur in the arrangement and
movement of the particles?
Particles become more closely packed and move slower than in
the gas state.
Particles become more spread out and move faster than in the gas
state.
Particles remain unchanged in their arrangement and movement.
Particles become tightly packed and vibrate in place like in a solid.
10. What gas is produced when acids react with metals?
Oxygen gas
Nitrogen gas
Hydrogen gas
Carbon dioxide
11. What is the metric conversion factor between liters and milliliters?
10
100
1000
Final Exam – Principles of
Organic Chemistry (2026/2027)
| Portage Learning – Verified
Q&A
1. What is the pH value that indicates a neutral substance?
0
4
7
10
14
2. What makes hydrogen bonds unique among dipole-dipole attractions?
They involve hydrogen atoms being attracted to highly
electronegative atoms like fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen.
They involve hydrogen atoms being repelled by electronegative
atoms.
They occur between two nonpolar molecules.
They are weaker than regular dipole-dipole attractions.
3. Explain why the net ionic equation for the reaction between HCl and
NaOH simplifies to H+ + OH- → H2O.
Because Na+ and Cl- are spectator ions and do not participate in
the reaction.
, Because HCl and NaOH completely dissociate in water.
Because H2O is the only product formed.
Because the reaction does not occur in aqueous solution.
4. Which of the following pairs of substances is commonly used to create a
buffer solution?
, NH3 and NH4Cl
NaCl and H2O
H2SO4 and NaOH
KCl and KOH
5. Explain why PbCl2 and AlPO4 are generally considered insoluble in water.
Which factors contribute to their solubility or lack thereof?
They have high molecular weights
They form strong ionic bonds
They have low lattice energies
They are non-polar compounds
6. In a chemical equilibrium, what happens to the position of equilibrium
when the volume of the reaction vessel is increased?
The equilibrium position remains unchanged
The equilibrium shifts towards the side with fewer moles of gas
The equilibrium shifts towards the side with more moles of gas
The reaction will proceed to completion
7. Explain why the compound NCl3 is named nitrogen trichloride instead of
nitrogen chloride.
It contains three chlorine atoms, which is indicated by the prefix
'tri'.
It is a gas at room temperature, which affects its naming.
It is a compound formed from nitrogen and chlorine, which requires
a different naming convention.
It has a higher molecular weight than nitrogen chloride.
, 8. Explain why the reaction AB → H2O + CO2 is classified as a combustion
reaction.
It involves the combination of two elements.
It produces water and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon.
It breaks down a compound into its elements.
It involves the transfer of electrons between reactants.
9. If a container is filled with a gas and then cooled, causing the gas to
condense into a liquid, what changes occur in the arrangement and
movement of the particles?
Particles become more closely packed and move slower than in
the gas state.
Particles become more spread out and move faster than in the gas
state.
Particles remain unchanged in their arrangement and movement.
Particles become tightly packed and vibrate in place like in a solid.
10. What gas is produced when acids react with metals?
Oxygen gas
Nitrogen gas
Hydrogen gas
Carbon dioxide
11. What is the metric conversion factor between liters and milliliters?
10
100
1000
