BIO 1610 SLCC 2 PRACTICE
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Hierarchy of Life.
Answer: AtomMoleculeMacromoleculeOrganellecellTissueOrganorgan
systemOrganismsPopulationCommunityEcosystembiome finally biosphere.
◍ Emergent properties.
Answer: -Result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a
system(For example, a functioning bicycle emerges onlywhen all of the
necessary parts connect in the correctway)
◍ Formula for cellular respiration.
Answer: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
◍ Reasons why we breathe.
Answer: Oxygen molecules must be present to accept the electrons at the
end of the electron transport chainOxygen is required to maintain the
continuous activity of the electron transport chain that builds the proton
gradientto make ATPOxygen isn't very soluble inside our body cells and
can't be easily stored
◍ The hydrolysis of ATP.
Answer: Provides energy to make covalent bonds
◍ Reductionism.
Answer: complex systems are reduced to simpler components to make them
more manageable to study
◍ where glycolisis occurs.
Answer: cytoplasm
,◍ During glycolysis high energy electrons are transferred from sugars to.
Answer: NAD+
◍ The transfer of high energy electrons from NADH to Complex I of the
electron transport chain.
Answer: occurs in mitochondriaresults in the movement of H+ from a region
of low concentration to a region of high concentrationregenerates NAD+
◍ Biologists today complement reductionism with____________ orthe
exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions among its
parts.
Answer: Systems biology
◍ Evolution.
Answer: explains patterns of unity and diversity in living organisms
◍ Prokaryote.
Answer: lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles and are
generally smaller than eukaryotic cells
◍ Organic molecules needed for cells to synthesize NAD and Coenzyme A
are.
Answer: Vitamins
◍ Glucose-6-phosphate.
Answer: is produced in the first step of glycolysis by an enzyme called
hexokinasecan't cross cell membranesis a substrate for the enzyme glycogen
synthase
◍ In step 6 of glycolysis.
Answer: the substrate is oxidized
◍ Eurkaryote.
Answer: contains membrane-enclosed organelles, including a
DNA-containing nucleus(Some organelles, such as the chloroplast, are
limited only to certain cell types, that is, those that carry out photosynthesis)
◍ 3 Biological Domains.
, Answer: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
◍ In step 7 of glycolysis an enzyme removes a phosphate group from the
substrate and.
Answer: adds it to ADP to make ATP
◍ the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring.
Answer: Genes
◍ the process of converting information from gene to cellular product.
Answer: Gene Expression
◍ Similar traits among organisms are explained by descent from.
Answer: Common ancestors
◍ Differences among organisms are explained by the accumulation of.
Answer: Heritable changes
◍ Domains Bacteria and Archaea are.
Answer: Prokatyotes
◍ After pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix.
Answer: a two-carbon sugar is attached to Co-enzyme A.carbon dioxide is
producedit is oxidized and NAD+ is reduced
◍ What occurs in the citric acid cycle.
Answer: ATP synthesisSubstrate level phosphorylationReduction of
FAD+Reduction of NAD+
◍ 4 Major classifications of Eukarya.
Answer: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
◍ What book did Charles Darwin write?.
Answer: The origin of species
◍ Darwin observed that-.
Answer: -Individuals in a population vary in their traits, many of which are
heritable-More offspring are produced than survive, and competition is
inevitable-Species generally suit their environment
, ◍ Ubiquinone.
Answer: is a mobile electron carrier in the inner mitochondrial membraneis
the only lipid in the electron transport chainis reduced by FADH2shuttles
electrons from Complex 1 to Cytochrome b
◍ Where does the carbon dioxide we exhale come from?.
Answer: Pyruvate and intermediates in the Citric Acid Cycle
◍ The electron transport chain moves electrons from.
Answer: the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space
◍ Darwin inferred that-.
Answer: -Individuals that are best suited to their environment are more
likely to survive and reproduce-Over time, more individuals in a population
will have the advantageous traits
◍ natural selection.
Answer: the environment "selects" for the propagation of beneficial traits
◍ Natural selection is not.
Answer: survival of the fittest
◍ What is Science?.
Answer: a Latin verb meaning "to know"
◍ Inductive reasoning.
Answer: generalizations are drawn from a large number of observations
◍ Deductive reasoning.
Answer: extrapolates from general premises to specific predictions(The
hypothesis is then tested experimentally)
◍ In the final step of the electron transport chain.
Answer: protons from the mitochondrial matrix are substrates in the
reactionwater is formedlow energy electrons are passed from Cytochrome-a
to oxygenoxygen is reduced
◍ If holes in the outer mitochondrial membrane allowed protons to leak into
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Hierarchy of Life.
Answer: AtomMoleculeMacromoleculeOrganellecellTissueOrganorgan
systemOrganismsPopulationCommunityEcosystembiome finally biosphere.
◍ Emergent properties.
Answer: -Result from the arrangement and interaction of parts within a
system(For example, a functioning bicycle emerges onlywhen all of the
necessary parts connect in the correctway)
◍ Formula for cellular respiration.
Answer: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
◍ Reasons why we breathe.
Answer: Oxygen molecules must be present to accept the electrons at the
end of the electron transport chainOxygen is required to maintain the
continuous activity of the electron transport chain that builds the proton
gradientto make ATPOxygen isn't very soluble inside our body cells and
can't be easily stored
◍ The hydrolysis of ATP.
Answer: Provides energy to make covalent bonds
◍ Reductionism.
Answer: complex systems are reduced to simpler components to make them
more manageable to study
◍ where glycolisis occurs.
Answer: cytoplasm
,◍ During glycolysis high energy electrons are transferred from sugars to.
Answer: NAD+
◍ The transfer of high energy electrons from NADH to Complex I of the
electron transport chain.
Answer: occurs in mitochondriaresults in the movement of H+ from a region
of low concentration to a region of high concentrationregenerates NAD+
◍ Biologists today complement reductionism with____________ orthe
exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions among its
parts.
Answer: Systems biology
◍ Evolution.
Answer: explains patterns of unity and diversity in living organisms
◍ Prokaryote.
Answer: lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles and are
generally smaller than eukaryotic cells
◍ Organic molecules needed for cells to synthesize NAD and Coenzyme A
are.
Answer: Vitamins
◍ Glucose-6-phosphate.
Answer: is produced in the first step of glycolysis by an enzyme called
hexokinasecan't cross cell membranesis a substrate for the enzyme glycogen
synthase
◍ In step 6 of glycolysis.
Answer: the substrate is oxidized
◍ Eurkaryote.
Answer: contains membrane-enclosed organelles, including a
DNA-containing nucleus(Some organelles, such as the chloroplast, are
limited only to certain cell types, that is, those that carry out photosynthesis)
◍ 3 Biological Domains.
, Answer: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
◍ In step 7 of glycolysis an enzyme removes a phosphate group from the
substrate and.
Answer: adds it to ADP to make ATP
◍ the units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring.
Answer: Genes
◍ the process of converting information from gene to cellular product.
Answer: Gene Expression
◍ Similar traits among organisms are explained by descent from.
Answer: Common ancestors
◍ Differences among organisms are explained by the accumulation of.
Answer: Heritable changes
◍ Domains Bacteria and Archaea are.
Answer: Prokatyotes
◍ After pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix.
Answer: a two-carbon sugar is attached to Co-enzyme A.carbon dioxide is
producedit is oxidized and NAD+ is reduced
◍ What occurs in the citric acid cycle.
Answer: ATP synthesisSubstrate level phosphorylationReduction of
FAD+Reduction of NAD+
◍ 4 Major classifications of Eukarya.
Answer: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
◍ What book did Charles Darwin write?.
Answer: The origin of species
◍ Darwin observed that-.
Answer: -Individuals in a population vary in their traits, many of which are
heritable-More offspring are produced than survive, and competition is
inevitable-Species generally suit their environment
, ◍ Ubiquinone.
Answer: is a mobile electron carrier in the inner mitochondrial membraneis
the only lipid in the electron transport chainis reduced by FADH2shuttles
electrons from Complex 1 to Cytochrome b
◍ Where does the carbon dioxide we exhale come from?.
Answer: Pyruvate and intermediates in the Citric Acid Cycle
◍ The electron transport chain moves electrons from.
Answer: the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space
◍ Darwin inferred that-.
Answer: -Individuals that are best suited to their environment are more
likely to survive and reproduce-Over time, more individuals in a population
will have the advantageous traits
◍ natural selection.
Answer: the environment "selects" for the propagation of beneficial traits
◍ Natural selection is not.
Answer: survival of the fittest
◍ What is Science?.
Answer: a Latin verb meaning "to know"
◍ Inductive reasoning.
Answer: generalizations are drawn from a large number of observations
◍ Deductive reasoning.
Answer: extrapolates from general premises to specific predictions(The
hypothesis is then tested experimentally)
◍ In the final step of the electron transport chain.
Answer: protons from the mitochondrial matrix are substrates in the
reactionwater is formedlow energy electrons are passed from Cytochrome-a
to oxygenoxygen is reduced
◍ If holes in the outer mitochondrial membrane allowed protons to leak into
