BIO 101 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL
CONTENT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
COMPLETE SET
◉ X-linked
Answer: A gene present on the X, but not the Y chromosome.
◉ Natural selection
Answer: The greater relative survival and reproductive of
individuals in a population that have favorable heritable traits,
leading to evolutionary change.
◉ Directional selection
Answer: More extreme natural selection. A mode of natural selection
in which an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes.
◉ Mutation
Answer: A permanent variation in the nucleotide sequence of a
genome. Creates genetic diversity and is ultimately the source of
evolution.
◉ Exponential growth
, Answer: An increasing or accelerating pattern seen in populations
where resources are not limiting.
◉ Logistic growth
Answer: The leveling off of exponential growth due to limiting
resources. Carrying capacity
◉ Age-structure diagrams
Answer: The distribution of the proportion of population members
in each class.
◉ Type I, II, & III survivorship curves
Answer: Type 1 - low morality rate
majority make it to old age
ei. humans
Type 2 - equal chance of death at any time
ei. birds
Type 3 - high infant morality rate
most die young
ei. octopus, fish, tree
◉ Demographic transition model
CONTENT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
COMPLETE SET
◉ X-linked
Answer: A gene present on the X, but not the Y chromosome.
◉ Natural selection
Answer: The greater relative survival and reproductive of
individuals in a population that have favorable heritable traits,
leading to evolutionary change.
◉ Directional selection
Answer: More extreme natural selection. A mode of natural selection
in which an extreme phenotype is favored over other phenotypes.
◉ Mutation
Answer: A permanent variation in the nucleotide sequence of a
genome. Creates genetic diversity and is ultimately the source of
evolution.
◉ Exponential growth
, Answer: An increasing or accelerating pattern seen in populations
where resources are not limiting.
◉ Logistic growth
Answer: The leveling off of exponential growth due to limiting
resources. Carrying capacity
◉ Age-structure diagrams
Answer: The distribution of the proportion of population members
in each class.
◉ Type I, II, & III survivorship curves
Answer: Type 1 - low morality rate
majority make it to old age
ei. humans
Type 2 - equal chance of death at any time
ei. birds
Type 3 - high infant morality rate
most die young
ei. octopus, fish, tree
◉ Demographic transition model
