BIO 116 EXAM 1 COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW SHEET VERIFIED QUESTION BANK

BIO 116 EXAM 1 COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
SHEET VERIFIED QUESTION BANK

●● number of elements making up life
Answer: 24


●● living matter is 95%.....
Answer: C, H, O, N


●● Covalent bonds
Answer: sharing of electrons
strong polar or non-polar bonds
require energy to break


●● ionic bonds
Answer: transfer of electrons
"ions" (+ or -)
attraction (weak- break apart in H2O)


●● hydrogen bonds
Answer: Very weak bond created by the attraction of a slightly positive
hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another molecule

,typical: H2O and NH3


●● Hydrophililc
Answer: polar (water loving)


●● Hydrophobic
Answer: non-polar (water resisting)


●● amphipathic
Answer: A molecule that has both a hydrophilic region and a
hydrophobic region.


●● most dense form of water
Answer: liquid


●● polymers made by extracting water
Answer: dehydration


●● polymers broken by adding water
Answer: hydrolysis

, ●● neutral pH
Answer: 7


●● Basic solutions have pH values
Answer: greater than 7
more OH-


●● Acidic solutions have a pH that is
Answer: less than 7
more H+


●● Carbon
Answer: C6
4 valence electrons


●● critical for the function of molecules....
Answer: the 3D shape


●● Major types of macromolecules
Answer: carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins


●● Polymer