BIO 151 FINAL EXAM 2026 GENETICS AND
INHERITANCE REVIEW QUESTIONS ANSWERS
VERIFIED GUIDE
◉ Does natural selection act on individuals or populations?
Answer: Individuals are selected; populations evolve.
◉ What is evolution in population genetics terms?
Answer: A change in allele frequencies over time.
◉ What are the three major sources of genetic variation?
Answer: Mutation, recombination, sexual reproduction.
◉ What does p represent in Hardy-Weinberg?
Answer: Frequency of the dominant allele.
◉ What does q represent in Hardy-Weinberg?
Answer: Frequency of the recessive allele.
◉ What does p + q equal?
Answer: 1
, ◉ What does p² + 2pq + q² equal?
Answer: 1
◉ What does p² represent?
Answer: Homozygous dominant genotype frequency.
◉ What does 2pq represent?
Answer: Heterozygous genotype frequency.
◉ What does q² represent?
Answer: Homozygous recessive genotype frequency.
◉ What are the five Hardy-Weinberg conditions?
Answer: No mutation; random mating; no gene flow; very large
population; no natural selection.
◉ What is genetic drift?
Answer: Random change in allele frequencies due to chance.
◉ Why is genetic drift stronger in small populations?
Answer: Random events have a larger proportional effect.
INHERITANCE REVIEW QUESTIONS ANSWERS
VERIFIED GUIDE
◉ Does natural selection act on individuals or populations?
Answer: Individuals are selected; populations evolve.
◉ What is evolution in population genetics terms?
Answer: A change in allele frequencies over time.
◉ What are the three major sources of genetic variation?
Answer: Mutation, recombination, sexual reproduction.
◉ What does p represent in Hardy-Weinberg?
Answer: Frequency of the dominant allele.
◉ What does q represent in Hardy-Weinberg?
Answer: Frequency of the recessive allele.
◉ What does p + q equal?
Answer: 1
, ◉ What does p² + 2pq + q² equal?
Answer: 1
◉ What does p² represent?
Answer: Homozygous dominant genotype frequency.
◉ What does 2pq represent?
Answer: Heterozygous genotype frequency.
◉ What does q² represent?
Answer: Homozygous recessive genotype frequency.
◉ What are the five Hardy-Weinberg conditions?
Answer: No mutation; random mating; no gene flow; very large
population; no natural selection.
◉ What is genetic drift?
Answer: Random change in allele frequencies due to chance.
◉ Why is genetic drift stronger in small populations?
Answer: Random events have a larger proportional effect.
