BIO 152 LAB 2 EXAMINATION 2026 STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ adrenal glands. Answer: pair of endocrine glands just above the
kidneys
◉ urinary bladder. Answer:
◉ carbohydrates are.... Answer: sugars
◉ building blocks of carbohydrates. Answer: monosaccharides,
disaccharides, and polysaccharides
◉ dehydration/condensation/synthesis. Answer: the bonding of 2
molecules by the removal of a water molecule; anabolic
◉ hydrolysis/digestion. Answer: the breaking apart of a molecule by
the addition of a water molecule; catabolic
◉ Benedict's test. Answer: Carbohydrates; test for reducing sugars;
starts blue, turns yellow/orange
,◉ Iodine (Lugols) Test. Answer: Carbohydrates; tests for complex
sugars; starches (polysaccharides)
◉ building blocks of proteins. Answer: amino acids
◉ building blocks of amino acids. Answer: peptide bonds that form
polypeptide chains
◉ Ninhydrin Test. Answer: Test for amino acids (small proteins);
positive test = purple
◉ Biuret Test. Answer: Test for polypeptides (large proteins); starts
blue, turns purple
◉ classes of lipids. Answer: Neutral lipids (triglycerides; glycerol + 3
fatty acids), phospholipids (hydrophobic tail & hydrophilic head),
steroids (hydrophobic), eicosanoids
◉ Phospholipid. Answer: Makes up the cell membrane. Composed of
a phosphate head (hydrophilic) and 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic)
◉ Rub/Paper Test. Answer: Test for lipids; oils/fats; translucent
fluid rubs off
, ◉ Sudan IV Dye Test. Answer: Test for lipids/fats; neg = dark red,
pos = red/orange
◉ Nucleus. Answer: Contains cell's genetic material (DNA & RNA)
◉ Plasma membrane. Answer: Provides a selectively permeable
barrier; phospholipid bilayer; can have microvilli
◉ Cytoplasm. Answer: Where most cellular activities occur;
supports cell's organelles; transports genetic material within cell
◉ Ribosomes. Answer: Sites of protein synthesis; bound to the ER
◉ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: Studded with ribosomes;
modifies/synthesizes existing proteins
◉ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: Site of lipid synthesis
(steroid based hormones); where detoxification of drugs and alcohol
takes place
◉ Golgi apparatus. Answer: Packaging and shipping center; UPS of
the cell; fits anything that is too large for normal transport; removes
things from cell that don't belong
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ adrenal glands. Answer: pair of endocrine glands just above the
kidneys
◉ urinary bladder. Answer:
◉ carbohydrates are.... Answer: sugars
◉ building blocks of carbohydrates. Answer: monosaccharides,
disaccharides, and polysaccharides
◉ dehydration/condensation/synthesis. Answer: the bonding of 2
molecules by the removal of a water molecule; anabolic
◉ hydrolysis/digestion. Answer: the breaking apart of a molecule by
the addition of a water molecule; catabolic
◉ Benedict's test. Answer: Carbohydrates; test for reducing sugars;
starts blue, turns yellow/orange
,◉ Iodine (Lugols) Test. Answer: Carbohydrates; tests for complex
sugars; starches (polysaccharides)
◉ building blocks of proteins. Answer: amino acids
◉ building blocks of amino acids. Answer: peptide bonds that form
polypeptide chains
◉ Ninhydrin Test. Answer: Test for amino acids (small proteins);
positive test = purple
◉ Biuret Test. Answer: Test for polypeptides (large proteins); starts
blue, turns purple
◉ classes of lipids. Answer: Neutral lipids (triglycerides; glycerol + 3
fatty acids), phospholipids (hydrophobic tail & hydrophilic head),
steroids (hydrophobic), eicosanoids
◉ Phospholipid. Answer: Makes up the cell membrane. Composed of
a phosphate head (hydrophilic) and 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic)
◉ Rub/Paper Test. Answer: Test for lipids; oils/fats; translucent
fluid rubs off
, ◉ Sudan IV Dye Test. Answer: Test for lipids/fats; neg = dark red,
pos = red/orange
◉ Nucleus. Answer: Contains cell's genetic material (DNA & RNA)
◉ Plasma membrane. Answer: Provides a selectively permeable
barrier; phospholipid bilayer; can have microvilli
◉ Cytoplasm. Answer: Where most cellular activities occur;
supports cell's organelles; transports genetic material within cell
◉ Ribosomes. Answer: Sites of protein synthesis; bound to the ER
◉ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: Studded with ribosomes;
modifies/synthesizes existing proteins
◉ Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum. Answer: Site of lipid synthesis
(steroid based hormones); where detoxification of drugs and alcohol
takes place
◉ Golgi apparatus. Answer: Packaging and shipping center; UPS of
the cell; fits anything that is too large for normal transport; removes
things from cell that don't belong
