BIO 171 MODULE 3 EXAM 2026
COMPREHENSIVE BIOLOGY REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during
the growth and repair phases of the cell. Answer: anabolism
◉ An organism that obtains its energy (derives ATP) from photons
of light is called a __________________ Answer: phototrophic
microorganism
◉ An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from
elemental sulfur would be classified as a ____________ Answer:
Lithotroph
◉ Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ADP and ATP
Answer: ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate, and ADP
can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can
be dephosphorylated (ATP-----> ADP + Pi), while ADP can be
dephosphorylated into ATP (ADP + Pi -----> ATP)
◉ This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of
chemotropic eukaryotes Answer: oxidative phosphorylation
,◉ The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what
three transitions Answer: The breakdown of glucose goes through 1.
glycolysis 2. fermentation or respiration and then 3. electron
transport chain ETC
◉ True or false: in the absence of absence of oxygen fermentation
produces 2 ATP Answer: false
◉ what is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle select Answer:
NADH and FADH2
◉ True or false: in the absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2
ATP Answer: False, it does not produce any additional ATP
◉ True or false: the reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel
the electron transport system Answer: False
◉ What are the main two roles of glucose 6 - phosphate in the cell?
Answer: G6P 1. prevents glucose from diffusing out of the cell and 2.
serves as a signal molecule to the cell that glycolysis is about to
begin.
◉ What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of
glucose? Answer: The ETC yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and
fermentation (or respiration) yield only 2 ATP
,◉ The reactants of the chemical equation are to the _____ of the
arrow Answer: left
◉ In the absence of glucose, what cannot be used as alternative
energy source? Answer: nucleic acids
◉ For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which enzymes are
used? Answer: lipases and proteases
◉ what is true pertaining to the light reactions of photosynthesis?
Answer: Results in the formation of ATP and NADPH, it is known as
photophosphorylation, process results in a proton concentration
gradient, converts light energy into chem energy, first step of
photosynthesis, occur in the membrane
◉ True or false: The B- oxidation pathway is responsible for the
anabolism of fatty acid chains Answer: false, the B oxidation
pathway is responsible for the catabolism of fatty acid chains
◉ True or false: Plants, algae, and bacteria all have chloroplasts
Answer: false
◉ How many turns or repetitions of the Calvin cycle are required to
generate one molecule of glucose? Answer: six
, ◉ True or false, dark reactions can take place in the presence or
absence of light Answer: True, the term dark reactions (also known
as Calvin cycle) simple denotes the second stage of photosynthesis -
does not actually require darkness
◉ Describe the relationship between chloroplasts and chlorophyll
Answer: both are associated with photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are
the double membrane enclosed organelles that contain the
photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll
◉ the process of carbon fixation begins with reactants: Answer: ATP,
CO2, NADPH, H2O
◉ MEMORIZE THE NUMBERS Answer: 6, 18, 12, 12, 18, 12
◉ A-B+H2O ->A-OH+B-H Answer: Hydrolases
◉ A-B->B-A Answer: Isomerases
◉ A+B->A-B Answer: Ligases
◉ A-B->A+B Answer: Lyases
COMPREHENSIVE BIOLOGY REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during
the growth and repair phases of the cell. Answer: anabolism
◉ An organism that obtains its energy (derives ATP) from photons
of light is called a __________________ Answer: phototrophic
microorganism
◉ An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from
elemental sulfur would be classified as a ____________ Answer:
Lithotroph
◉ Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ADP and ATP
Answer: ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate, and ADP
can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can
be dephosphorylated (ATP-----> ADP + Pi), while ADP can be
dephosphorylated into ATP (ADP + Pi -----> ATP)
◉ This phosphorylation process occurs in the mitochondria of
chemotropic eukaryotes Answer: oxidative phosphorylation
,◉ The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what
three transitions Answer: The breakdown of glucose goes through 1.
glycolysis 2. fermentation or respiration and then 3. electron
transport chain ETC
◉ True or false: in the absence of absence of oxygen fermentation
produces 2 ATP Answer: false
◉ what is the primary byproduct of the TCA cycle select Answer:
NADH and FADH2
◉ True or false: in the absence of oxygen fermentation produces 2
ATP Answer: False, it does not produce any additional ATP
◉ True or false: the reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel
the electron transport system Answer: False
◉ What are the main two roles of glucose 6 - phosphate in the cell?
Answer: G6P 1. prevents glucose from diffusing out of the cell and 2.
serves as a signal molecule to the cell that glycolysis is about to
begin.
◉ What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of
glucose? Answer: The ETC yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and
fermentation (or respiration) yield only 2 ATP
,◉ The reactants of the chemical equation are to the _____ of the
arrow Answer: left
◉ In the absence of glucose, what cannot be used as alternative
energy source? Answer: nucleic acids
◉ For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which enzymes are
used? Answer: lipases and proteases
◉ what is true pertaining to the light reactions of photosynthesis?
Answer: Results in the formation of ATP and NADPH, it is known as
photophosphorylation, process results in a proton concentration
gradient, converts light energy into chem energy, first step of
photosynthesis, occur in the membrane
◉ True or false: The B- oxidation pathway is responsible for the
anabolism of fatty acid chains Answer: false, the B oxidation
pathway is responsible for the catabolism of fatty acid chains
◉ True or false: Plants, algae, and bacteria all have chloroplasts
Answer: false
◉ How many turns or repetitions of the Calvin cycle are required to
generate one molecule of glucose? Answer: six
, ◉ True or false, dark reactions can take place in the presence or
absence of light Answer: True, the term dark reactions (also known
as Calvin cycle) simple denotes the second stage of photosynthesis -
does not actually require darkness
◉ Describe the relationship between chloroplasts and chlorophyll
Answer: both are associated with photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are
the double membrane enclosed organelles that contain the
photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll
◉ the process of carbon fixation begins with reactants: Answer: ATP,
CO2, NADPH, H2O
◉ MEMORIZE THE NUMBERS Answer: 6, 18, 12, 12, 18, 12
◉ A-B+H2O ->A-OH+B-H Answer: Hydrolases
◉ A-B->B-A Answer: Isomerases
◉ A+B->A-B Answer: Ligases
◉ A-B->A+B Answer: Lyases
