BIO 340 FINAL EXAM DNA REPLICATION
TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION AND
GENE EXPRESSION TEST PAPER
●● Which of the following forms the backbone of a polynucleotide
chain?
Answer: alternating sugar and phosphate groups
●● Guanine and adenine are purines found in DNA
Answer: true
●● What fraction of the nucleotides in a doubles-stranded DNA
molecule are cytosine and thymine?
Answer: 50%
●● What is one difference between DNA replication in bacteria versus
eukaryotes?
Answer: Eukaryotic chromosomes have many origins of replication,
while bacteria have only one origin of replication
●● What is the maximum rate between DNA replication in E. coli
Answer: 1000 nucleotides
,●● During DNA replication in E. coli, what is the role of DnaA?
Answer: DnaA bends DNA, hydrolyzing the hydrogen bonds in the 13-
mer region of otic and creating an open complex
●● Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
Answer: Single-strand binding proteins stabilize the open conformation
of the unwound DNA
●● Which of the following reagents is not required for the polymerase
chain reaction?
Answer: Dideoxynucleotide triphosphate
●● Which of the following would you find in a Sanger sequencing
reaction but not in a polymerase chain reaction?
Answer: ddNTPs
●● Which of the following statements about ddNTPs is true?
Answer: they have a hydrogen at the 3' carbon of the sugar
●● The principles of complementary base pairing and antiparallel
polarity of nucleic acid strands is a duplex are universal for the
formation of nucleic acid duplexes. What is the chemical basis for this
university?
Answer:
,●● You wish to create a mutation in which you prevent access of RNA
polymerase to the gene. Which region of a gene would you target?
Answer: promoter sequence
●● Which region(s) of a gene are not found within the mRNA
transcript?
Answer: promoter region
●● Which of the following statements regarding Nucleotide Excision
repair (NER) and Base Excision Repair (BER) is true?
Answer: both NER and BER involve the removal of one or more
damaged bases by a nuclease
●● How large is an origin of replication of E. coli?
Answer: 245 base pairs
●● Which of the following enzymatic activities is NOT involved in
DNA replication
Answer: RNA- dependent DNA polymerase
●● Which activity of DNA polymerase is responsible for its ability to
proofread newly synthesized DNA
Answer: 3'>5' exonuclease which cleaves mismatched nucleotides
, ●● How many mutations would you expect to see in the human genome
(6x10^9) if mismatches could not be repaired?
Answer: 6x10^9/10^4= 600,000 mutations
●● What would the consequences be of having DNA polymerase with
out 5' -> 3' exonuclease activity?
Answer: the RNA primer will stay
●● What is the correct order of enzyme action during DNA replication?
Answer: helices/topoisomerase activity, priming, DNA
polymerization/proofreading, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA
polymerization, ligation
●● Why is telomerase important?
Answer: It is important for extension
●● You isolate a mutant of this gene that encodes the following protein:
N-Met-Gln-Cys-Lys-Ser-C
What mutation can give you this mutant protein
Answer: Deletion of a C
●● Which of the following statements are FALSE?
TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION AND
GENE EXPRESSION TEST PAPER
●● Which of the following forms the backbone of a polynucleotide
chain?
Answer: alternating sugar and phosphate groups
●● Guanine and adenine are purines found in DNA
Answer: true
●● What fraction of the nucleotides in a doubles-stranded DNA
molecule are cytosine and thymine?
Answer: 50%
●● What is one difference between DNA replication in bacteria versus
eukaryotes?
Answer: Eukaryotic chromosomes have many origins of replication,
while bacteria have only one origin of replication
●● What is the maximum rate between DNA replication in E. coli
Answer: 1000 nucleotides
,●● During DNA replication in E. coli, what is the role of DnaA?
Answer: DnaA bends DNA, hydrolyzing the hydrogen bonds in the 13-
mer region of otic and creating an open complex
●● Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
Answer: Single-strand binding proteins stabilize the open conformation
of the unwound DNA
●● Which of the following reagents is not required for the polymerase
chain reaction?
Answer: Dideoxynucleotide triphosphate
●● Which of the following would you find in a Sanger sequencing
reaction but not in a polymerase chain reaction?
Answer: ddNTPs
●● Which of the following statements about ddNTPs is true?
Answer: they have a hydrogen at the 3' carbon of the sugar
●● The principles of complementary base pairing and antiparallel
polarity of nucleic acid strands is a duplex are universal for the
formation of nucleic acid duplexes. What is the chemical basis for this
university?
Answer:
,●● You wish to create a mutation in which you prevent access of RNA
polymerase to the gene. Which region of a gene would you target?
Answer: promoter sequence
●● Which region(s) of a gene are not found within the mRNA
transcript?
Answer: promoter region
●● Which of the following statements regarding Nucleotide Excision
repair (NER) and Base Excision Repair (BER) is true?
Answer: both NER and BER involve the removal of one or more
damaged bases by a nuclease
●● How large is an origin of replication of E. coli?
Answer: 245 base pairs
●● Which of the following enzymatic activities is NOT involved in
DNA replication
Answer: RNA- dependent DNA polymerase
●● Which activity of DNA polymerase is responsible for its ability to
proofread newly synthesized DNA
Answer: 3'>5' exonuclease which cleaves mismatched nucleotides
, ●● How many mutations would you expect to see in the human genome
(6x10^9) if mismatches could not be repaired?
Answer: 6x10^9/10^4= 600,000 mutations
●● What would the consequences be of having DNA polymerase with
out 5' -> 3' exonuclease activity?
Answer: the RNA primer will stay
●● What is the correct order of enzyme action during DNA replication?
Answer: helices/topoisomerase activity, priming, DNA
polymerization/proofreading, 5'-3' exonuclease activity/DNA
polymerization, ligation
●● Why is telomerase important?
Answer: It is important for extension
●● You isolate a mutant of this gene that encodes the following protein:
N-Met-Gln-Cys-Lys-Ser-C
What mutation can give you this mutant protein
Answer: Deletion of a C
●● Which of the following statements are FALSE?
