ANSWERS 2026 UPDATE 100 PERCENT
CORRECT GT UPDATED REVIEW PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
⩥Project. Answer: A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique
product, service, or result.
⩥Project Characteristics. Answer: Objective
Defined Life Span
Involves several departments and professionals
Typically not been done before
Time, cost, performance req's
⩥Program. Answer: A group of related projects to accomplish a common
goal over a period of time
⩥Program Management. Answer: Managing a group of ongoing,
independent related projects in a coordinated way to achieve strategic
objectives
,⩥Stages of Project Life Cycle. Answer: 1. Defining (goals, specs, tasks,
responsibilities)
2. Planning (schedule, budget, resource, risk, staff)
3. Executing (status reports, changes, quality, forecasts)
4. Closing (train customer, transfer docs, release resources, evaluation)
⩥Project Managers vs Functional MGRs. Answer: Create team/org
while functional MGRs take over existing. PMs have less technical
knowledge than FMs
⩥Current Drivers of Project Management. Answer: 1) Compression of
the product life cycle (.5 year delay = -33% revenue)
2) Knowledge explosion/product complexity requires someone to bring
all the right tools and experts together)
3) Triple bottom line (planet, people, profit)
4) Increased customer focus
⩥Centralization of projects entails.... Answer: Governance of all project
processes/practices to improve PM
⩥Project Governance. Answer: Apply knowledge, skills, tools,
techniques to a collection of projects to move .org to strategic goals.
Allows MGRs to have flexibility/control of PM activities
,⩥Environment surrounds PM to portfolio MGT to strategic MGT.
Answer:
⩥PM has 2 sides. Answer: 1) technical (scope, WBS, schedules,
resource allocation, budgets, status reports)
2) sociocultural (leadership, problem solving, teamwork, negotiation,
politics, customer expectations)
⩥PM at the apex of strategy and ops. Answer: Need to know org
strategy to advocate for their project and to be ready to respond to
changes
⩥Strategic MGT. Answer: Assessing what we are and
deciding/implementing what we intend to be and how to get there.
Strategy describes how an org intends to compete with resources
available in existing environment
⩥Strategic Management Dimensions. Answer: Respond to changes in
external environment
Allocate scarce resources to improve position
⩥Strategic MGT activities. Answer: 1) Review/define org mission
2) Analyze/formulate strategies
3) set objectives to achieve strategy
, 4) implement strategies through projects
⩥OBJ's answer in detail where a firm is headed and when it will get
there. Answer: Org obj's drive projects
⩥Implementation gap. Answer: lack of understanding/consensus of org
strategy among top and middle level MGRs
⩥Sacred cow. Answer: project that a powerful high ranking official is
advocating
⩥Project sponsors. Answer: high ranking MGRs endorse/support project
⩥3 Problems with sponsors?. Answer: 1) Implementation gap
2) Org politics
3) Resource conflicts/multitasking
⩥Portfolio MGT system aims to align projects with strategic goals and
prioritize. Answer:
⩥Three kinds of projects. Answer: 1) Compliance, meets regs, must do
2) Operational, supports current ops
3) Strategic, directly supports org strategy