A client with type 1 diabetes is transported via ambulance to the emergency
department of the hospital. The client has dry, hot, flushed skin and a fruity odor to
the breath and is having Kussmaul respirations. Which complication does the nurse
suspect that the client is experiencing?
1
Ketoacidosis
2
Somogyi phenomenon
3
Hypoglycemic reaction
4
Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Give this one a try later!
, 1
Ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis occurs when insulin is lacking and carbohydrates cannot be
used for energy; this increases the breakdown of protein and fat causing
deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul respirations), decreased alertness,
decreased circulatory volume, metabolic acidosis, and an acetone breath.
The Somogyi phenomenon is a rebound hyperglycemia induced by severe
hypoglycemia; there are not enough data to determine whether this
occurred. Hypoglycemia is manifested by cool, moist skin, not hot, dry skin;
Kussmaul respirations do not occur with hypoglycemia. Hyperosmolar
nonketotic coma usually occurs in clients with type 2 diabetes because
available insulin prevents the breakdown of fat.
While assessing a client during a routine examination, a nurse in the clinic identifies
signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Which signs are characteristic of
hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.
1
Diaphoresis
2
Weight loss
3
Constipation
4
Protruding eyes
5
Cold intolerance
Give this one a try later!
, 1
Diaphoresis
2
Weight loss
4
Protruding eyes
Diaphoresis occurs with hyperthyroidism because of increased metabolism,
resulting in hyperthermia. Weight loss occurs with hyperthyroidism because
of increased metabolism. Bulging eyes occur with hyperthyroidism and are
thought to be related to an autoimmune response of the retro-orbital
tissue, which causes the eyeballs to enlarge and push forward. Diarrhea
occurs because of increased body processes, specifically increased
gastrointestinal peristalsis. Heat intolerance occurs because of the
increased metabolism associated with hyperthyroidism.
A client who has had a subtotal thyroidectomy does not understand how
hypothyroidism can develop when the problem was initially hyperthyroidism. The
nurse bases a response on the fact that:
1
Hypothyroidism is a gradual slowing of the body's function
2
There will be a decrease in pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
3
There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid hormone
4
Atrophy of tissue remaining after surgery reduces secretion of thyroid hormones
Give this one a try later!
3
There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid
hormone
After a subtotal thyroidectomy the thyroxine output may be inadequate to
maintain an appropriate metabolic rate. Hypothyroidism is a decrease in
thyroid functioning, not a slowing of the entire body's functions. In
, hypothyroidism the level of TSH from the pituitary usually is increased.
Atrophy of the remaining thyroid tissue does not occur.
A client has a history of hypothyroidism. Which skin condition should the nurse expect
when performing a physical assessment?
1
Dry
2
Moist
3
Flushed
4
Smooth
Give this one a try later!
1
Dry
Dry skin is caused by decreased function of sebaceous glands; a paucity of
thyroid hormones T3 and T4, which control the basal metabolic rate, can
alter the function of almost every body system. The skin will not be flushed;
the client will appear pale. Moist and smooth skin occur with hyperfunction
of the thyroid and an increase in the basal metabolic rate.
A client with hyperthyroidism is treated with radioactive iodine to ablate thyroid
tissue. What should the nurse instruct the client to do after the procedure?
1
Remain in the house.
2
Avoid holding an infant.
3
department of the hospital. The client has dry, hot, flushed skin and a fruity odor to
the breath and is having Kussmaul respirations. Which complication does the nurse
suspect that the client is experiencing?
1
Ketoacidosis
2
Somogyi phenomenon
3
Hypoglycemic reaction
4
Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Give this one a try later!
, 1
Ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis occurs when insulin is lacking and carbohydrates cannot be
used for energy; this increases the breakdown of protein and fat causing
deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul respirations), decreased alertness,
decreased circulatory volume, metabolic acidosis, and an acetone breath.
The Somogyi phenomenon is a rebound hyperglycemia induced by severe
hypoglycemia; there are not enough data to determine whether this
occurred. Hypoglycemia is manifested by cool, moist skin, not hot, dry skin;
Kussmaul respirations do not occur with hypoglycemia. Hyperosmolar
nonketotic coma usually occurs in clients with type 2 diabetes because
available insulin prevents the breakdown of fat.
While assessing a client during a routine examination, a nurse in the clinic identifies
signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Which signs are characteristic of
hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.
1
Diaphoresis
2
Weight loss
3
Constipation
4
Protruding eyes
5
Cold intolerance
Give this one a try later!
, 1
Diaphoresis
2
Weight loss
4
Protruding eyes
Diaphoresis occurs with hyperthyroidism because of increased metabolism,
resulting in hyperthermia. Weight loss occurs with hyperthyroidism because
of increased metabolism. Bulging eyes occur with hyperthyroidism and are
thought to be related to an autoimmune response of the retro-orbital
tissue, which causes the eyeballs to enlarge and push forward. Diarrhea
occurs because of increased body processes, specifically increased
gastrointestinal peristalsis. Heat intolerance occurs because of the
increased metabolism associated with hyperthyroidism.
A client who has had a subtotal thyroidectomy does not understand how
hypothyroidism can develop when the problem was initially hyperthyroidism. The
nurse bases a response on the fact that:
1
Hypothyroidism is a gradual slowing of the body's function
2
There will be a decrease in pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
3
There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid hormone
4
Atrophy of tissue remaining after surgery reduces secretion of thyroid hormones
Give this one a try later!
3
There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid
hormone
After a subtotal thyroidectomy the thyroxine output may be inadequate to
maintain an appropriate metabolic rate. Hypothyroidism is a decrease in
thyroid functioning, not a slowing of the entire body's functions. In
, hypothyroidism the level of TSH from the pituitary usually is increased.
Atrophy of the remaining thyroid tissue does not occur.
A client has a history of hypothyroidism. Which skin condition should the nurse expect
when performing a physical assessment?
1
Dry
2
Moist
3
Flushed
4
Smooth
Give this one a try later!
1
Dry
Dry skin is caused by decreased function of sebaceous glands; a paucity of
thyroid hormones T3 and T4, which control the basal metabolic rate, can
alter the function of almost every body system. The skin will not be flushed;
the client will appear pale. Moist and smooth skin occur with hyperfunction
of the thyroid and an increase in the basal metabolic rate.
A client with hyperthyroidism is treated with radioactive iodine to ablate thyroid
tissue. What should the nurse instruct the client to do after the procedure?
1
Remain in the house.
2
Avoid holding an infant.
3
