South Carolina Biology EOC Review – South Carolina Biology
End-of-Course Assessment – Comprehensive Biology Review
Notes and Exam Preparation Material
Introduction
This document covers key concepts required for the South
Carolina Biology EOC, including scientific inquiry, cell
structure and function, transport across membranes, enzymes,
cell division, genetics, evolution, ecology, photosynthesis, and
cellular respiration. It also reviews DNA, RNA, protein
synthesis, meiosis, mitosis, inheritance patterns, and
environmental cycles.
The material is presented in a question-and-answer review
format, making it useful for exam preparation and self-study.
It serves as a broad summary of the major biology topics
typically assessed on the EOC exam.
Key terms
Biology EOC
Cell theory
Cell membrane
Organelles
Enzymes
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
Mitosis
, Cell cycle
Evolution
Natural selection
Mutations
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
ATP
Ecosystems
Food webs
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
DNA
RNA
Protein synthesis
Transcription
Translation
Replication
Genetics
Meiosis
Fertilization
Inheritance
Codominance
Polygenic inheritance
Exam Questions and Answers
, 1. Observation process of gathering information about
events or processes in an orderly way
2. Data info gathered from observations
3. What must a hypothesis be? Testable
4. monomers basic unit of macromolecules
5. polymers a large molecule formed by attaching many
molecules together
6. what are monosaccharides has one monomer; carbohydrate
7. denatured to become inactive; refers to a protein
8. substrate the reactants of an enzyme reaction
9. cell theory 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in
living things
3. new cells are produced from existing
cells
10. cell wall surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
11. cell membrane A cell structure that controls which sub-
stances can enter or leave the cell.
12. nucleus contains the cell's DNA
End-of-Course Assessment – Comprehensive Biology Review
Notes and Exam Preparation Material
Introduction
This document covers key concepts required for the South
Carolina Biology EOC, including scientific inquiry, cell
structure and function, transport across membranes, enzymes,
cell division, genetics, evolution, ecology, photosynthesis, and
cellular respiration. It also reviews DNA, RNA, protein
synthesis, meiosis, mitosis, inheritance patterns, and
environmental cycles.
The material is presented in a question-and-answer review
format, making it useful for exam preparation and self-study.
It serves as a broad summary of the major biology topics
typically assessed on the EOC exam.
Key terms
Biology EOC
Cell theory
Cell membrane
Organelles
Enzymes
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
Mitosis
, Cell cycle
Evolution
Natural selection
Mutations
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
ATP
Ecosystems
Food webs
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
DNA
RNA
Protein synthesis
Transcription
Translation
Replication
Genetics
Meiosis
Fertilization
Inheritance
Codominance
Polygenic inheritance
Exam Questions and Answers
, 1. Observation process of gathering information about
events or processes in an orderly way
2. Data info gathered from observations
3. What must a hypothesis be? Testable
4. monomers basic unit of macromolecules
5. polymers a large molecule formed by attaching many
molecules together
6. what are monosaccharides has one monomer; carbohydrate
7. denatured to become inactive; refers to a protein
8. substrate the reactants of an enzyme reaction
9. cell theory 1. all living things are made of cells
2. basic unit of structure and function in
living things
3. new cells are produced from existing
cells
10. cell wall surrounds cell membrane in plants; rigid
11. cell membrane A cell structure that controls which sub-
stances can enter or leave the cell.
12. nucleus contains the cell's DNA
