GISP FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ GEO-TIFF.
Answer: Puts latitude / longitude at edges of pixels.
◍ Control of Big Data.
Answer: Visualize multiple different types.
◍ Overlay Analysis Methodology (based on Boolean Logic).
Answer: 1. Define problem2. Break problem into sub models3. Determine
significant layers (some of these layers may need to be created)4. Reclassify
or transform data within a layer
◍ Graphic Interchange Format (GIF).
Answer: Image files for sharp edges and few gradations of color.
◍ Digital Exchange Format (DXF).
Answer: AutoCAD - no topology but lots of details.
◍ Geodatabase.
Answer: Object oriented data model represents features and attributes as
objects.
◍ Txt.
Answer: Text
◍ Covers.
Answer: Every point of B in a point of A.
◍ Construction Phase - Architecture Design.
Answer: System procurement, data acquisition and database design,
authorization for application design and development, prototype testing.
◍ Weighted Sum (Raster Overlay Tool).
, Answer: Overlays several raster multiplying each by their given weight and
summing them together.
◍ Vector.
Answer: Coordinate based data model that represents points, lines,
polygons.
◍ Field Collection Process.
Answer: 1. Determine the result of field work.2. Determine what needs to be
collected, inspected, or surveyed - set up a field collection for .3. Determine
how it will be collected, I.e. pen and paper, mobile tablet, drone.4. Begin
field collection on a good representation of the entire dataset.5. Review
sample field collection and adjust the data being collected or the method of
data collection.6. Plan locations and timing for field work.7. Start the field
collection for all assets.
◍ Physical Database Design.
Answer: 1. Physical configuration of the database on the storage media.2.
Detailed specification of data elements, data types, indexing options, and
other parameters residing in the DBMS data dictionary.3. Modules,
hardware, software.
◍ LiDAR.
Answer: Remote sensing technology that measures distance by illuminating
a target with a laser and analyzing the reflected light.
◍ Confusion Matrix.
Answer: Assesses accuracy of image classification based on additional
ground truths.
◍ Clusters.
Answer: Can be either:1. Multiple servers share one storage- this is typically
used to handle user load balancing2. Databases distributed to different
servers using replication- this is typically used if you have multiple users
utilizing the same data in different physical locations- there is a master
database that the replica databases sync between
,◍ Quality Control.
Answer: Product oriented and focuses on defect identification. Finding and
eliminating sources of quality problems through tools and equipment -
corrective tool.
◍ PDOP - Position Dilution of Precision.
Answer: Collect data when there is an optimum satellite availability (four or
more) and when satellites are in an appropriate configuration to produce an
acceptable (lower) PDOP value (higher PDOP values are bad). PDOP values
- set to 6 or less. Higher levels will be less reliable data.
◍ Geometry.
Answer: Point, line, polygon, multipoint, multi patch.
◍ Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM).
Answer: A global coordinate system - UTM zones are 6 degrees.
◍ Observation of Behavior.
Answer: Observable actions or activities of individuals or groups - not
thoughts, feelings or motivations.
◍ Non-Schema Objects.
Answer: Users, roles, contexts, directory objects.
◍ Based on Purpose Descriptive.
Answer: Passive, description of the study area prescriptive - active,
imposing best solution. According to DeMers.
◍ Verbal Scale (Map Scale).
Answer: Expresses in words a relationship between a map distance and
ground distance: one inch represents 16 miles.
◍ Multivariate Displays.
Answer: Putting more than two sets of data on one map (I.e. single map
shows population density and annual rainfall and cancer rates).
◍ Location Selection.
Answer: Select features within a certain distance of a location.
, ◍ Query Basics.
Answer: The following expression is a basic SQL query expression.
SELECT*FROM Table WHERE "EXPRESSION"- SELECT- determines
what the operation will be- indicates the fields that should be returned,
denotes that all fields should be returned- FROM Table - indicates which
table or feature class the data should be selected from-WHERE
"EXPRESSION" - is a filter on the table or feature to indicate what records
should be returned.ESRI's ArcGIS Desktop and QGIS typically only request
users to only fill out the "EXPRESSION" portion- such as "Street = 'Main'
◍ Typography.
Answer: The design of text, point size, line length, typefaces.
◍ Qualitative.
Answer: Shape - for points different symbol.Pattern - lines having different
styles such as dashed lines.Hue - different colors, such as red and blue.
◍ Many to Many Relationship.
Answer: Multiple objects of the origin table can be related to multiple
objects of the destination table.
◍ Disadvantages of TIN.
Answer: Requires very accurate data source and costs are expensive, TIN
production and use are very computer intensive).
◍ Domain.
Answer: The range of values for a particular metadata element.
◍ Contains (Spatial Selection).
Answer: Features contain an input polygon (input polygon is selected)
◍ Zonal Statistics (Raster Overlay Tool).
Answer: Summarizes values in a raster layer by zones (categories) in
another layer - for example, calculate the mean elevation for each vegetation
category.
◍ Vector.
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ GEO-TIFF.
Answer: Puts latitude / longitude at edges of pixels.
◍ Control of Big Data.
Answer: Visualize multiple different types.
◍ Overlay Analysis Methodology (based on Boolean Logic).
Answer: 1. Define problem2. Break problem into sub models3. Determine
significant layers (some of these layers may need to be created)4. Reclassify
or transform data within a layer
◍ Graphic Interchange Format (GIF).
Answer: Image files for sharp edges and few gradations of color.
◍ Digital Exchange Format (DXF).
Answer: AutoCAD - no topology but lots of details.
◍ Geodatabase.
Answer: Object oriented data model represents features and attributes as
objects.
◍ Txt.
Answer: Text
◍ Covers.
Answer: Every point of B in a point of A.
◍ Construction Phase - Architecture Design.
Answer: System procurement, data acquisition and database design,
authorization for application design and development, prototype testing.
◍ Weighted Sum (Raster Overlay Tool).
, Answer: Overlays several raster multiplying each by their given weight and
summing them together.
◍ Vector.
Answer: Coordinate based data model that represents points, lines,
polygons.
◍ Field Collection Process.
Answer: 1. Determine the result of field work.2. Determine what needs to be
collected, inspected, or surveyed - set up a field collection for .3. Determine
how it will be collected, I.e. pen and paper, mobile tablet, drone.4. Begin
field collection on a good representation of the entire dataset.5. Review
sample field collection and adjust the data being collected or the method of
data collection.6. Plan locations and timing for field work.7. Start the field
collection for all assets.
◍ Physical Database Design.
Answer: 1. Physical configuration of the database on the storage media.2.
Detailed specification of data elements, data types, indexing options, and
other parameters residing in the DBMS data dictionary.3. Modules,
hardware, software.
◍ LiDAR.
Answer: Remote sensing technology that measures distance by illuminating
a target with a laser and analyzing the reflected light.
◍ Confusion Matrix.
Answer: Assesses accuracy of image classification based on additional
ground truths.
◍ Clusters.
Answer: Can be either:1. Multiple servers share one storage- this is typically
used to handle user load balancing2. Databases distributed to different
servers using replication- this is typically used if you have multiple users
utilizing the same data in different physical locations- there is a master
database that the replica databases sync between
,◍ Quality Control.
Answer: Product oriented and focuses on defect identification. Finding and
eliminating sources of quality problems through tools and equipment -
corrective tool.
◍ PDOP - Position Dilution of Precision.
Answer: Collect data when there is an optimum satellite availability (four or
more) and when satellites are in an appropriate configuration to produce an
acceptable (lower) PDOP value (higher PDOP values are bad). PDOP values
- set to 6 or less. Higher levels will be less reliable data.
◍ Geometry.
Answer: Point, line, polygon, multipoint, multi patch.
◍ Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM).
Answer: A global coordinate system - UTM zones are 6 degrees.
◍ Observation of Behavior.
Answer: Observable actions or activities of individuals or groups - not
thoughts, feelings or motivations.
◍ Non-Schema Objects.
Answer: Users, roles, contexts, directory objects.
◍ Based on Purpose Descriptive.
Answer: Passive, description of the study area prescriptive - active,
imposing best solution. According to DeMers.
◍ Verbal Scale (Map Scale).
Answer: Expresses in words a relationship between a map distance and
ground distance: one inch represents 16 miles.
◍ Multivariate Displays.
Answer: Putting more than two sets of data on one map (I.e. single map
shows population density and annual rainfall and cancer rates).
◍ Location Selection.
Answer: Select features within a certain distance of a location.
, ◍ Query Basics.
Answer: The following expression is a basic SQL query expression.
SELECT*FROM Table WHERE "EXPRESSION"- SELECT- determines
what the operation will be- indicates the fields that should be returned,
denotes that all fields should be returned- FROM Table - indicates which
table or feature class the data should be selected from-WHERE
"EXPRESSION" - is a filter on the table or feature to indicate what records
should be returned.ESRI's ArcGIS Desktop and QGIS typically only request
users to only fill out the "EXPRESSION" portion- such as "Street = 'Main'
◍ Typography.
Answer: The design of text, point size, line length, typefaces.
◍ Qualitative.
Answer: Shape - for points different symbol.Pattern - lines having different
styles such as dashed lines.Hue - different colors, such as red and blue.
◍ Many to Many Relationship.
Answer: Multiple objects of the origin table can be related to multiple
objects of the destination table.
◍ Disadvantages of TIN.
Answer: Requires very accurate data source and costs are expensive, TIN
production and use are very computer intensive).
◍ Domain.
Answer: The range of values for a particular metadata element.
◍ Contains (Spatial Selection).
Answer: Features contain an input polygon (input polygon is selected)
◍ Zonal Statistics (Raster Overlay Tool).
Answer: Summarizes values in a raster layer by zones (categories) in
another layer - for example, calculate the mean elevation for each vegetation
category.
◍ Vector.
