NUR185/NUR 185 Exam 4 V3 | Concepts of
Adult Health Nursing for the Practical
Nurse II Q&A with Rationale | Hondros
College of Nursing
1. A patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is found unresponsive and clammy. Which initial
action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer 15 grams of simple carbohydrates orally.
B. Check the patient’s blood glucose level immediately.
C. Administer Glucagon via the intramuscular route.
D. Prepare to administer a bolus of regular insulin.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In an unresponsive patient with suspected hypoglycemia, providing oral
carbohydrates is unsafe due to the risk of aspiration. Glucagon is the emergency treatment
of choice for severe hypoglycemia when the patient cannot swallow. Once the patient
regains consciousness, a complex carbohydrate and protein snack should be provided to
maintain stability.
2. Which clinical manifestation is most indicative of a patient experiencing a Thyroid Storm?
A. Severe bradycardia and hypotension.
B. Hyperpyrexia and extreme tachycardia.
,C. Generalized edema and cold intolerance.
D. Muscle flaccidity and lethargy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid storm is a life-threatening health condition that is associated with
untreated or undertreated hyperthyroidism. During a thyroid storm, an individual’s heart
rate, blood pressure, and body temperature can soar to dangerously high levels. Immediate
intervention is required to decrease circulating thyroid hormones and stabilize the
patient’s vitals.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
(SIADH). Which laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?
A. Urine specific gravity of 1.002.
B. Serum osmolality of 310 mOsm/kg.
C. Serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L.
D. Serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: SIADH involves the excessive release of ADH, which causes the body to retain
water and dilute the blood. This results in dilutional hyponatremia, where serum sodium
levels drop below the normal range of 135-145 mEq/L. The nurse must monitor for
neurological changes and implement fluid restrictions as ordered.
, 4. A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome. Which physical assessment
finding is characteristic of this condition?
A. Extreme weight loss and bronze skin pigmentation.
B. Exophthalmos and fine tremors.
C. Hypotension and tachycardia.
D. Buffalo hump and moon-shaped face.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cushing’s Syndrome is caused by an excess of cortisol, which leads to
characteristic fat redistribution in the body. Common findings include a ‘buffalo hump’ on
the upper back and a rounded ‘moon face’ due to adipose tissue accumulation. These
patients also often exhibit purple striae on the abdomen and thin, fragile skin.
5. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with Addison’s disease. Which
statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I should wear a medical alert bracelet at all times.
B. I will need to take my hormone replacement for the rest of my life.
C. I can skip my medication if I am feeling nauseated or sick.
D. I should increase my salt intake during periods of hot weather.
Correct Answer: C
Adult Health Nursing for the Practical
Nurse II Q&A with Rationale | Hondros
College of Nursing
1. A patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is found unresponsive and clammy. Which initial
action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer 15 grams of simple carbohydrates orally.
B. Check the patient’s blood glucose level immediately.
C. Administer Glucagon via the intramuscular route.
D. Prepare to administer a bolus of regular insulin.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In an unresponsive patient with suspected hypoglycemia, providing oral
carbohydrates is unsafe due to the risk of aspiration. Glucagon is the emergency treatment
of choice for severe hypoglycemia when the patient cannot swallow. Once the patient
regains consciousness, a complex carbohydrate and protein snack should be provided to
maintain stability.
2. Which clinical manifestation is most indicative of a patient experiencing a Thyroid Storm?
A. Severe bradycardia and hypotension.
B. Hyperpyrexia and extreme tachycardia.
,C. Generalized edema and cold intolerance.
D. Muscle flaccidity and lethargy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid storm is a life-threatening health condition that is associated with
untreated or undertreated hyperthyroidism. During a thyroid storm, an individual’s heart
rate, blood pressure, and body temperature can soar to dangerously high levels. Immediate
intervention is required to decrease circulating thyroid hormones and stabilize the
patient’s vitals.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
(SIADH). Which laboratory finding should the nurse anticipate?
A. Urine specific gravity of 1.002.
B. Serum osmolality of 310 mOsm/kg.
C. Serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L.
D. Serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: SIADH involves the excessive release of ADH, which causes the body to retain
water and dilute the blood. This results in dilutional hyponatremia, where serum sodium
levels drop below the normal range of 135-145 mEq/L. The nurse must monitor for
neurological changes and implement fluid restrictions as ordered.
, 4. A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome. Which physical assessment
finding is characteristic of this condition?
A. Extreme weight loss and bronze skin pigmentation.
B. Exophthalmos and fine tremors.
C. Hypotension and tachycardia.
D. Buffalo hump and moon-shaped face.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cushing’s Syndrome is caused by an excess of cortisol, which leads to
characteristic fat redistribution in the body. Common findings include a ‘buffalo hump’ on
the upper back and a rounded ‘moon face’ due to adipose tissue accumulation. These
patients also often exhibit purple striae on the abdomen and thin, fragile skin.
5. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with Addison’s disease. Which
statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
A. I should wear a medical alert bracelet at all times.
B. I will need to take my hormone replacement for the rest of my life.
C. I can skip my medication if I am feeling nauseated or sick.
D. I should increase my salt intake during periods of hot weather.
Correct Answer: C
