ECPI BIO 116 A&P CHAPTER 23 EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES |
GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. What is the primary function of the digestive system?
A. Produce hormones
B. Exchange gases
C. Break down food and absorb nutrients
D. Produce blood cells
Correct Answer: C. Break down food and absorb nutrients
Rationale: Nutrients must be broken down and absorbed for use by body cells.
2. Which organ begins mechanical digestion?
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Liver
Correct Answer: B. Mouth
Rationale: Chewing physically breaks food into smaller pieces.
3. Salivary amylase begins digestion of:
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Salivary amylase starts starch breakdown in the mouth.
4. The pharynx serves as a passageway for:
A. Food only
B. Air only
C. Food and air
D. Blood
Correct Answer: C. Food and air
Rationale: The pharynx functions in both digestion and respiration.
5. Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea?
A. Uvula
B. Esophagus
C. Epiglottis
D. Tongue
Correct Answer: C. Epiglottis
Rationale: The epiglottis covers the airway during swallowing.
6. Peristalsis is: A. Chemical digestion
B. Nutrient absorption
C. Wave-like muscular contractions
D. Saliva production
, Correct Answer: C. Wave-like muscular contractions Rationale:
Peristalsis moves food through the digestive tract.
7. The esophagus connects the:
A. Mouth and stomach
B. Pharynx and stomach
C. Stomach and intestine
D. Liver and stomach
Correct Answer: B. Pharynx and stomach
Rationale: The esophagus transports food to the stomach.
8. Which sphincter controls entry into the stomach?
A. Anal sphincter
B. Ileocecal valve
C. Lower esophageal sphincter
D. Pyloric sphincter
Correct Answer: C. Lower esophageal sphincter Rationale: It
regulates movement from esophagus to stomach.
9. The stomach primarily digests:
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Minerals
D. Proteins
Correct Answer: D. Proteins
Rationale: Pepsin initiates protein digestion in the stomach.
10. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach:
A. Neutralizes enzymes
B. Activates pepsin
C. Digests fats
D. Produces bile
Correct Answer: B. Activates pepsin
Rationale: HCl converts pepsinogen to active pepsin.
11. The inner folds of the stomach are called:
A. Villi
B. Haustra
C. Rugae
D. Crypts
Correct Answer: C. Rugae
Rationale: Rugae allow stomach expansion.
12. Chyme is:
A. Digestive enzyme
B. Partially digested food
C. Bile pigment
D. Saliva
Correct Answer: B. Partially digested food
Rationale: Food mixed with gastric secretions forms chyme.
| VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES |
GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. What is the primary function of the digestive system?
A. Produce hormones
B. Exchange gases
C. Break down food and absorb nutrients
D. Produce blood cells
Correct Answer: C. Break down food and absorb nutrients
Rationale: Nutrients must be broken down and absorbed for use by body cells.
2. Which organ begins mechanical digestion?
A. Stomach
B. Mouth
C. Small intestine
D. Liver
Correct Answer: B. Mouth
Rationale: Chewing physically breaks food into smaller pieces.
3. Salivary amylase begins digestion of:
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Salivary amylase starts starch breakdown in the mouth.
4. The pharynx serves as a passageway for:
A. Food only
B. Air only
C. Food and air
D. Blood
Correct Answer: C. Food and air
Rationale: The pharynx functions in both digestion and respiration.
5. Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea?
A. Uvula
B. Esophagus
C. Epiglottis
D. Tongue
Correct Answer: C. Epiglottis
Rationale: The epiglottis covers the airway during swallowing.
6. Peristalsis is: A. Chemical digestion
B. Nutrient absorption
C. Wave-like muscular contractions
D. Saliva production
, Correct Answer: C. Wave-like muscular contractions Rationale:
Peristalsis moves food through the digestive tract.
7. The esophagus connects the:
A. Mouth and stomach
B. Pharynx and stomach
C. Stomach and intestine
D. Liver and stomach
Correct Answer: B. Pharynx and stomach
Rationale: The esophagus transports food to the stomach.
8. Which sphincter controls entry into the stomach?
A. Anal sphincter
B. Ileocecal valve
C. Lower esophageal sphincter
D. Pyloric sphincter
Correct Answer: C. Lower esophageal sphincter Rationale: It
regulates movement from esophagus to stomach.
9. The stomach primarily digests:
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Minerals
D. Proteins
Correct Answer: D. Proteins
Rationale: Pepsin initiates protein digestion in the stomach.
10. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach:
A. Neutralizes enzymes
B. Activates pepsin
C. Digests fats
D. Produces bile
Correct Answer: B. Activates pepsin
Rationale: HCl converts pepsinogen to active pepsin.
11. The inner folds of the stomach are called:
A. Villi
B. Haustra
C. Rugae
D. Crypts
Correct Answer: C. Rugae
Rationale: Rugae allow stomach expansion.
12. Chyme is:
A. Digestive enzyme
B. Partially digested food
C. Bile pigment
D. Saliva
Correct Answer: B. Partially digested food
Rationale: Food mixed with gastric secretions forms chyme.
