EPIC ADULT MED SURG NURSE 100 ASSESSMENT EXAM –
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES MUST BE IN ITALICS| GUARANTEED
PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. A patient with heart failure reports sudden weight gain of 3 lb in 24 hours. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Restrict fluids immediately
B. Notify the provider
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Increase sodium intake
Correct Answer: B. Notify the provider
Rationale: Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention and worsening heart failure requiring
prompt evaluation.
2. Which laboratory value is most concerning in a patient receiving warfarin?
A. INR 1.2
B. INR 2.5
C. INR 5.0
D. INR 2.0
Correct Answer: C. INR 5.0
Rationale: An INR of 5.0 indicates a significantly increased risk for bleeding.
3. Which assessment finding suggests hypokalemia?
A. Bradycardia
B. Muscle weakness
C. Hyperactive reflexes
D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: B. Muscle weakness
Rationale: Low potassium commonly causes muscle weakness and cardiac dysrhythmias.
4. A patient with COPD should receive oxygen therapy at what rate unless otherwise
prescribed?
A. High flow
B. 10 L/min
C. Low flow
D. 15 L/min
Correct Answer: C. Low flow
Rationale: Low-flow oxygen helps prevent suppression of respiratory drive in some COPD patients.
5. Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with increased intracranial pressure?
A. Trendelenburg position
B. Neck flexion
, C. HOB elevated 30 degrees
D. Frequent coughing
Correct Answer: C. HOB elevated 30 degrees
Rationale: Elevation of the head promotes venous drainage and reduces intracranial pressure.
6. Which symptom is most common in myocardial infarction?
A. Severe chest pain
B. Ear pain
C. Rash
D. Polyuria
Correct Answer: A. Severe chest pain
Rationale: Chest pain is the hallmark symptom of myocardial infarction.
7. A patient with diabetes has a blood glucose of 48 mg/dL. What is the priority action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Give fast-acting carbohydrate
C. Restrict fluids
D. Encourage sleep
Correct Answer: B. Give fast-acting carbohydrate
Rationale: Hypoglycemia requires immediate treatment with a rapidly absorbed carbohydrate.
8. Which finding indicates fluid volume overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Hypotension
C. Peripheral edema
D. Flat neck veins
Correct Answer: C. Peripheral edema
Rationale: Edema commonly occurs with excess fluid accumulation.
9. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with peaked T waves?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Peaked T waves are a classic ECG finding in hyperkalemia.
10. Which assessment finding is expected in anemia?
A. Flushed skin
B. Fatigue
C. Hypertension
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B. Fatigue
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES MUST BE IN ITALICS| GUARANTEED
PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. A patient with heart failure reports sudden weight gain of 3 lb in 24 hours. What should the
nurse do first?
A. Restrict fluids immediately
B. Notify the provider
C. Encourage ambulation
D. Increase sodium intake
Correct Answer: B. Notify the provider
Rationale: Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention and worsening heart failure requiring
prompt evaluation.
2. Which laboratory value is most concerning in a patient receiving warfarin?
A. INR 1.2
B. INR 2.5
C. INR 5.0
D. INR 2.0
Correct Answer: C. INR 5.0
Rationale: An INR of 5.0 indicates a significantly increased risk for bleeding.
3. Which assessment finding suggests hypokalemia?
A. Bradycardia
B. Muscle weakness
C. Hyperactive reflexes
D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: B. Muscle weakness
Rationale: Low potassium commonly causes muscle weakness and cardiac dysrhythmias.
4. A patient with COPD should receive oxygen therapy at what rate unless otherwise
prescribed?
A. High flow
B. 10 L/min
C. Low flow
D. 15 L/min
Correct Answer: C. Low flow
Rationale: Low-flow oxygen helps prevent suppression of respiratory drive in some COPD patients.
5. Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with increased intracranial pressure?
A. Trendelenburg position
B. Neck flexion
, C. HOB elevated 30 degrees
D. Frequent coughing
Correct Answer: C. HOB elevated 30 degrees
Rationale: Elevation of the head promotes venous drainage and reduces intracranial pressure.
6. Which symptom is most common in myocardial infarction?
A. Severe chest pain
B. Ear pain
C. Rash
D. Polyuria
Correct Answer: A. Severe chest pain
Rationale: Chest pain is the hallmark symptom of myocardial infarction.
7. A patient with diabetes has a blood glucose of 48 mg/dL. What is the priority action?
A. Administer insulin
B. Give fast-acting carbohydrate
C. Restrict fluids
D. Encourage sleep
Correct Answer: B. Give fast-acting carbohydrate
Rationale: Hypoglycemia requires immediate treatment with a rapidly absorbed carbohydrate.
8. Which finding indicates fluid volume overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Hypotension
C. Peripheral edema
D. Flat neck veins
Correct Answer: C. Peripheral edema
Rationale: Edema commonly occurs with excess fluid accumulation.
9. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with peaked T waves?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: B. Hyperkalemia
Rationale: Peaked T waves are a classic ECG finding in hyperkalemia.
10. Which assessment finding is expected in anemia?
A. Flushed skin
B. Fatigue
C. Hypertension
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B. Fatigue
