EMS final exam answers with multiple choices questions solved

Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is: - correct answers surveying the area for hazards For a do not resuscitate (DNR) order to be valid, it must: - correct answers clearly state the patient's medical problem. A 51-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is conscious and alert and able to speak in complete sentences. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min and regular. You should: - correct answers administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask A 71-year-old male is semiconscious following a sudden, severe headache. There is vomitus on his face, and his respirations are slow and shallow. The EMT must immediately: - correct answers Perform oropharyngeal suctioning A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home. There is no evidence of injury, and the patient's medical history is not known. The patient's face is cherry red, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this? - correct answers Carbon monoxide poisoning A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted: - correct answers with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare. An adult at rest should have a respiratory rate that ranges between: - correct answers 12 and 20 breaths/min Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by: - correct answers adequate amounts of surfactant An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: - correct answers your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as: - correct answers a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body Aggressive ambulance driving might have a negative effect on other motorists because: - correct answers it might not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle. Extrication is defined as: - correct answers removal from a dangerous situation or position If a technical rescue team is required at the scene but is not present when you arrive, you should: - correct answers check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route. Acting in such a way as to make another person fear immediate bodily harm is called: - correct answers Assault All of the following are considered to be protected health information (PHI), except: - correct answers location of the call A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: - correct answers Heat A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how should you care for his wound? - correct answers Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing. Common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following, except: - correct answers a rapid, thready pulse Abruptio placenta occurs when: - correct answers the placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall. A nuchal cord is defined as an umbilical cord that: - correct answers is wrapped around the baby's neck Syncope in the older patient is: - correct answers caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain. A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he is conscious, is screaming in pain, and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should: - correct answers apply direct pressure to the wound CPR should be initiated when: - correct answers a valid living will is unavailable When performing CPR on a child, you should compress the chest: - correct answers with one or two hands Which of the following maneuvers should be used to open a patient's airway when a spinal injury is suspected? - correct answers Jaw-thrust Your partner is performing one-rescuer CPR on a middle-aged woman in cardiac arrest. When you apply the AED pads, you note that she has a medication patch over the same area where one of the AED pads will be placed. You should: - correct answers remove the medication patch, wipe away any medication residue, and apply the AED pad. Albuterol is a generic name for: - correct answers Ventolin Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: - correct answers Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. A patient who is experiencing aphasia is: - correct answers unable to produce or understand speech. You are caring for a 70-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an acute stroke. She is conscious, has secretions in her mouth, is breathing at a normal rate with adequate depth, and has an oxygen saturation of 96%. You should: - correct answers suction her oropharynx and transport immediately A viral infection that might cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: - correct answers Croup A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately two days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be most suspicious that this patient is experiencing: - correct answers gastrointestinal bleeding A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. Which of the following would most likely control the bleeding? - correct answers Apply a topical hemostatic agent with direct pressure All of the following should be addressed during the primary assessment except: - correct answers capillary bleeding A flail chest occurs when: - correct answers a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage. A fracture is most accurately defined as a(n): - correct answers a break in the continuity of a bone In contrast to a living will, a "do not resuscitate" (DNR) order becomes valid when: - correct answers the patient develops cardiac arrest Equipment and supplies that are carried on an ambulance should be stored: - correct answers according to the urgency and frequency of their use A 30-year-old male presents with acute shortness of breath, widespread hives, and facial swelling. He denies any past medical history and takes no medications. During your assessment, you hear wheezing over all lung fields. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to giving him high-flow oxygen, the MOST important treatment for this patient is: - correct answers epinephrine Prompt transport of a patient with a suspected AMI is important because: - correct answers the patient may be eligible to receive thrombolytic therapy You and your EMT partner are the first to arrive at the scene of an unresponsive 70-year-old man. Your assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. A paramedic unit is en route to the scene and will arrive in approximately 5 minutes. You should: - correct answers begin CPR, apply the AED, and deliver a shock if it is indicated. Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, except - correct answers a reduction in tidal volume EMT training in nearly every state meets or exceeds the guidelines recommended by the: - correct answers National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, an employer must: - correct answers offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure. Which of the following is a function of the upper airway? - correct answers Warms and humidifies inhaled air A decrease in blood pressure may indicate: - correct answers loss of vascular tone In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than _______ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than _______ beats/min - correct answers 60, 100 A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: - correct answers remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx