PALSUpdatedFINALEXAM(All questi f f f f
ons answered 2026 update)
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1. A 12-year-
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old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following
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ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia? second degree
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2. Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is di
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aphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to d
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etermine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
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Lactate
3. A 9-year-
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old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respi
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ratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings a
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s indicating which condition?
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Respiratory failure f
4. A 4-year-
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old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment re
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veals that the child has only gasping respirations and the pulse rate is 65 beats per
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f minute. Which action would the provider initiate first? Deliver 1 BVM ventilat
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ion every 3 to 5 seconds.
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,5. A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-
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up visit after being diagnosed with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip i
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s obtained as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as indicating w
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hich arrhythmia?
f
First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block f f f
6. A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation but is exhi
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biting signs of post-
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cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS resuscitation team determines that t
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he child is experiencing a systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team b
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ases this determination on which finding(s)?
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Hypotension
Fever
Hyperglycemia
, 7. A 2-year-
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old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents. The child is unres
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ponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency department provider
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s begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the providers demonstrates high-
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quality CPR? f
Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each compression
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Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each
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Compressing the chest about 2 inches f f f f f
Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
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8. A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing car
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diac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
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VF and pVT are shockable cardiac arrest rhythms.
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9. A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement cor
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rectly describes hypotension and shock?
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Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock; f f f f f f f
10. A provider is caring for a 4-year-
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old child in the urgent care clinic. Primary assessment reveals difficulty breathin
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g and an oxygen saturation of 91%. The provider administers oxygen by nasal ca
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nnula with the goal of improving the child's oxygen saturation above what perce
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ntage?
Supplemental oxygen should be administered as needed to maintain an oxygen satu
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ration above 94%. f f
11. An 11-year-
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ons answered 2026 update)
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1. A 12-year-
f f
old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following
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ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia? second degree
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2. Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is di
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
aphoretic, tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to d
f f f f f f f f f f f f
etermine the adequacy of oxygen delivery?
f f f f f
Lactate
3. A 9-year-
f
old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respi
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ratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings a
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s indicating which condition?
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Respiratory failure f
4. A 4-year-
f
old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment re
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veals that the child has only gasping respirations and the pulse rate is 65 beats per
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f minute. Which action would the provider initiate first? Deliver 1 BVM ventilat
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ion every 3 to 5 seconds.
f f f f f
,5. A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-
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up visit after being diagnosed with Lyme disease 2 months ago. A rhythm strip i
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s obtained as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as indicating w
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hich arrhythmia?
f
First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block f f f
6. A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation but is exhi
f f f f f f f f f f f f
biting signs of post-
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cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS resuscitation team determines that t
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he child is experiencing a systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team b
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ases this determination on which finding(s)?
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Hypotension
Fever
Hyperglycemia
, 7. A 2-year-
f
old child arrives at the emergency department with the parents. The child is unres
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ponsive, is not breathing and has no pulse. Two emergency department provider
f f f f f f f f f f f
s begin high-quality CPR. Which action(s) by the providers demonstrates high-
f f f f f f f f f f
quality CPR? f
Allowing the chest to recoil fully after each compression
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Providing ventilations that last about 1 second each
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Compressing the chest about 2 inches f f f f f
Giving 2 ventilations to every 15 compressions
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8. A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing car
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diac arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
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VF and pVT are shockable cardiac arrest rhythms.
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9. A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement cor
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rectly describes hypotension and shock?
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Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock; f f f f f f f
10. A provider is caring for a 4-year-
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old child in the urgent care clinic. Primary assessment reveals difficulty breathin
f f f f f f f f f f f
g and an oxygen saturation of 91%. The provider administers oxygen by nasal ca
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
nnula with the goal of improving the child's oxygen saturation above what perce
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ntage?
Supplemental oxygen should be administered as needed to maintain an oxygen satu
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ration above 94%. f f
11. An 11-year-
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