BIOLOGY 101 FINAL EXAM | COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
EXPERT SOLUTIONS| 2026 LATEST UPDATED| A+
1) Many properties of living things involve the transfer and transformation of energy and matter.
For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of
energy or matter?
A) the energy of motion
B) carbon dioxide and water
C) chemical energy
D) oxygen
E) kinetic energy - (answer)c) Chemical Energy
2) All the living things on Earth along with all the places where life exists are collectively
described by which of the following terms?
A) an ecosystem
B) the biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population - (answer)b) The Biosphere
,All the individuals of a particular species living within the bounds of a specified area are
collectively described by which of the following terms?
A) a biological system
B) a biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population - (answer)d) The Population
Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an
ecosystem from entry to exit?
A) heat → chemical → heat
B) light → heat → chemical
C) light → chemical → heat
D) chemical → heat → light - (answer)C) light → chemical → heat
5) Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large
scale to smaller scale?
A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → populations → organisms
B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosystems → biosphere
C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosystems → organisms
,D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms
E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communities → organisms - (answer)D) biosphere
→ ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms
A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall
but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most likely a member of which of the following domains?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Plantae
E) Fungi - (answer)B) Archaea
7) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modification" resulted when organisms of a
particular species become adapted to their environment because they possess which of the
following characteristics?
A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment
B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local
environment
C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment
, D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment - (answer)C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in
the local environment
9) The variation observed among the finches Darwin collected from the Galápagos Islands
illustrate which of the following principles associated with the evolution of species?
A) mutation frequency
B) production of more offspring than can survive
C) descent with modification
D) the accuracy of the fossil record - (answer)C) descent with modification
8) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land
animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained
by which of the following concepts or processes?
A) an emergent property
B) reductionism
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life
D) natural selection - (answer)D) natural selection
EXPERT SOLUTIONS| 2026 LATEST UPDATED| A+
1) Many properties of living things involve the transfer and transformation of energy and matter.
For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of
energy or matter?
A) the energy of motion
B) carbon dioxide and water
C) chemical energy
D) oxygen
E) kinetic energy - (answer)c) Chemical Energy
2) All the living things on Earth along with all the places where life exists are collectively
described by which of the following terms?
A) an ecosystem
B) the biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population - (answer)b) The Biosphere
,All the individuals of a particular species living within the bounds of a specified area are
collectively described by which of the following terms?
A) a biological system
B) a biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population - (answer)d) The Population
Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an
ecosystem from entry to exit?
A) heat → chemical → heat
B) light → heat → chemical
C) light → chemical → heat
D) chemical → heat → light - (answer)C) light → chemical → heat
5) Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large
scale to smaller scale?
A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → populations → organisms
B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosystems → biosphere
C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosystems → organisms
,D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms
E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communities → organisms - (answer)D) biosphere
→ ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms
A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall
but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most likely a member of which of the following domains?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Plantae
E) Fungi - (answer)B) Archaea
7) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modification" resulted when organisms of a
particular species become adapted to their environment because they possess which of the
following characteristics?
A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment
B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local
environment
C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment
, D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment - (answer)C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in
the local environment
9) The variation observed among the finches Darwin collected from the Galápagos Islands
illustrate which of the following principles associated with the evolution of species?
A) mutation frequency
B) production of more offspring than can survive
C) descent with modification
D) the accuracy of the fossil record - (answer)C) descent with modification
8) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land
animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained
by which of the following concepts or processes?
A) an emergent property
B) reductionism
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life
D) natural selection - (answer)D) natural selection
