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Miami University
3 common types of cancer and important info about them - ANSWERS-Lung
Cancer: The leading cause of cancer death in both males and females, yet a cancer
that carries a stigma
Pancreatic Cancer: Very high case fatality rate due to difficulty in detecting the
disease in its early stages
Colorectal Cancer: A cancer detectable by screening, yet is the third leading cause
of cancer death in both males and females
Small Cell Lung Cancer %, dangers, prognosis, treatment - ANSWERS-10 - 15% of
lung cancers are small cell type
Almost always metastasizes before diagnosis, making effective treatment difficult
Poor 5 year survival
-31% for stage 1
-2% for stage IV
Treatment: Chemotherapy (+/- radiation)
,Non-small Cell Lung Cancer %, prognosis, treatment - ANSWERS-85 - 90% of lung
cancers are non-small cell type
Better 5 year survival than small cell type if diagnosed early:
-49% for stage 1A
-1% for stage IV
Treatment: Surgery (esp. for early stage diagnoses), Radiation, Chemotherapy
Risk Factors for Lung Cancer - ANSWERS-Tobacco smoke
-90% of lung cancer cases are smokers
-More years smoking and/or more packs per day increase a smoker's risk
-Secondhand smoke: Living with a smoker increases risk 20 - 30%
Exposure to radon gas
-Risk due to radon gas is greater in smokers
Occupational exposures
Prevention strategies for lung cancer - ANSWERS-Reduce risk factors
-Smoking cessation/Never start smoking
-Avoid secondhand smoke
-Test home for radon (basements)
-Occupational safety measures to protect lungs
,No screening test is currently available to detect lung cancer early in the disease
process
Symptoms, prognosis and treatment for pancreatic cancer - ANSWERS-Symptoms
and diagnosis usually occur in late stages of the disease after metastasis has
occurred
Symptoms are often vague which also can delay diagnosis
1 year survival is only 20%
5 year survival is less than 4%
Treatment: Surgery, Radiation, Chemotherapy
Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer - ANSWERS-Age
70% of cases occur at age 65+
90% of cases occur at age 55+
Sex: Men are at slightly higher risk
Race: African Americans are at highest risk
Smoking: 20 - 30% of cases are linked to smoking
Obesity
Lack of physical activity
, Other medical conditions
-Cirrhosis of the liver
-Diabetes
-Chronic pancreatitis
Family history/genetics
Prevention Strategies for Pancreatic Cancer - ANSWERS-Reduce controllable risk
factors:
Smoking cessation/Never start smoking
Eat more fruits/vegetables; less red meat
Maintain healthy weight
Exercise
No screening test is currently available to detect pancreatic cancer early in the
disease process
When is colorectal discovered, prognosis, and treatment - ANSWERS-In the
absence of screening, symptoms and diagnosis may occur in late stages of the
disease after metastasis has occurred
Decent 5 year survival if caught early, so screening can be life-saving
-74% for stage 1
-6% for stage IV