KAPLAN FUNDAMENTALS INTEGRATED TEST: 200 NCLEX-STYLE QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND DETAILED EXPLANATIONS

KAPLAN FUNDAMENTALS INTEGRATED TEST: 200 NCLEX-STYLE QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS AND DETAILED EXPLANATIONS 1. A client with a new diagnosis of eczema asks about foods that may trigger flare-ups. Which foods should the nurse instruct the client to eliminate? A. Fish, nuts, chocolate B. Strawberries, tomato, apples C. Milk, wheat, egg whites D. Soybeans, orange juice, egg yolks Correct Answer: C. Milk, wheat, egg whites Explanation: Eczema is an immune-mediated condition. Milk, wheat, and egg whites are among the most common food allergens associated with eczema flare-ups, especially in children and adults with atopic tendencies. ________________________________________ 2. The nurse is evaluating laboratory results. For which client would a decreased serum albumin be expected? A. The client who is underweight with a BMI of 19 kg/m² B. The client with a superficial thickness burn C. The client with severe liver disease D. The client who is dehydrated Correct Answer: C. The client with severe liver disease Explanation: Albumin is synthesized exclusively in the liver. Severe liver disease impairs albumin production, leading to decreased serum levels regardless of nutritional status or hydration. ________________________________________ 3. A middle-aged client is admitted for hematuria with no prior illness, married with three children in high school. Which developmental task of middle adulthood is most likely to be disturbed by a physical disability? A. Assisting the children to grow to adulthood B. Coping with a role transition C. Renewing earlier relationships D. Developing adult leisure time activities Correct Answer: A. Assisting the children to grow to adulthood Explanation: Erikson's middle adulthood stage (generativity vs. stagnation) focuses on guiding the next generation. A physical disability during this phase can interfere with the ability to actively parent and support adolescents transitioning to adulthood. ________________________________________ 4. The nurse provides care for a client at risk for developing a pressure injury. Which factors contribute to this risk? Select all that apply. A. Decreased skin moisture B. Ambulation with an assistive device C. Bony prominences D. Early stage Alzheimer disease E. Immobility F. Low serum albumin Correct Answers: C, E, F Explanation: Bony prominences create pressure points. Immobility reduces pressure relief. Low serum albumin impairs tissue repair and increases risk. Decreased skin moisture (dryness) is not a primary risk; excess moisture is. Ambulation with a device reduces risk. Early Alzheimer's alone without immobility is less directly causative. ________________________________________ 5. The nurse identifies a staff member using standard precautions appropriately when observing which action? A. Wearing gloves when taking the blood pressure of a client with AIDS B. Placing contaminated linens in a leak-proof bag C. Irrigating an abdominal wound wearing only a gown and gloves D. Removing gloves after bathing a client and putting on a clean pair to bathe another client Correct Answer: B. Placing contaminated linens in a leak-proof bag Explanation: Standard precautions require that contaminated linens be handled in a manner that prevents skin and mucous membrane exposure. A leak-proof bag achieves this. Gloves for blood pressure measurement are unnecessary; wound irrigation requires eye protection; changing gloves between clients is correct but the description lacks hand hygiene between. ________________________________________ 6. Which nonverbal behaviors indicate a client may be experiencing acute pain? Select all that apply. A. Grunting with movement B. Clenching teeth C. Grimacing D. Wrinkled forehead E. Restlessness F. Grabbing abdomen G. Tightly closed eyes and mouth H. Laughing and conversing I. Reduced attention span Correct Answers: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, I Explanation: Acute pain behaviors include vocalizations (grunting), facial expressions (grimacing, wrinkled forehead, clenched teeth, tight eyes/mouth), guarding (grabbing abdomen), restlessness, and difficulty concentrating. Laughing or conversing is inconsistent with acute pain. ________________________________________ 7. The nurse enters a client's room to perform an assessment and change an abdominal dressing. Which three observations require immediate attention? A. Visitors conversing and laughing loudly B. Television volume high C. Client crying and stating "it hurts to take a deep breath or cough" D. Pain medication in IV causing dizziness and sleepiness E. Client last medicated for pain 6 hours ago F. Client states need to wait for pain medication until after dressing change G. Spouse concerned about addiction Correct Answers: C, E, F Explanation: C indicates possible respiratory complication (pain with deep breath or cough). E shows overdue pain medication. F reflects a misunderstanding that will cause unnecessary suffering during dressing change. ________________________________________ 8. For the goal "The client's pain will be controlled during the dressing change," which interventions are appropriate? A. Pull tape around soiled dressing from client's skin rapidly B. Position the client in low Fowler with knees slightly bent C. Administer pain medication 15-30 minutes prior to dressing change Correct Answers: B and C Explanation: Low Fowler with knees slightly bent reduces abdominal muscle tension and pain. Administering pain medication 15-30 minutes before a painful procedure allows peak effect during the dressing change. Pulling tape rapidly increases skin trauma and pain. ________________________________________ 9. For the goal "The surgical incision is healing without further infection," which interventions are appropriate? A. Apply split gauze around Penrose drain with clean gloves B. Monitor client's vital signs and lab results daily C. Report any increase in redness or drainage to physician Correct Answers: B and C Explanation: Monitoring vital signs and labs daily detects early signs of infection (fever, elevated white count). Reporting increased redness or drainage allows timely intervention. Applying gauze with clean gloves is incorrect because sterile technique is required for drain care. ________________________________________