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• Stage 1 Sleep -✓✓- Very light sleep
- Only a few minutes long
- Awaken easily
- Feels relaxed and drowsy
• Stage 2 Sleep -✓✓- Deeper sleep
- 10-20 min long
- Increased relaxation
• Stage 3 Sleep -✓✓- Beginning of deep sleep
- 15-30 min long
- Difficult to awaken
• Stage 4 Sleep -✓✓- "Delta Sleep"
- Deepest sleep
- 15-30 min long
- Very difficult to awaken
- Sleep walking, sleep talking, enuresis
• REM -✓✓- vivid dreaming
- 90 min after falling asleep
- Very difficult to awaken
- cognitive restoration
• Insomnia -✓✓inability to sleep
• Sleep apnea -✓✓More than five breathing cessations lasting longer than 10 seconds
per hour during sleep = decreased arterial oxygen saturation
• Nursing consideration for Rest and Sleep -✓✓- Bed time routine
- Limit clients walking at night
- Help with personal hygiene and back rubs
- Medication: benzodiazepine: sedative-hypnotics, zolpidem, eszopiclone, zaleplon
• Client education for rest and sleep -✓✓- exercise regular (2 hours) before bedtime
- bedtime routine
- comfort environment
- limit alcohol, caffeine, nicotine at least 4 hrs before bed
, - engage muscle relaxation
• Carbohydrates -✓✓- provides most of the body's energy and fiber
- 4 kcal
- whole grains, breads, baked potato, brown rice
• Fats -✓✓- energy and vitamins
- 9 kcal
- olive oil, salmon, egg yolks
• Protein -✓✓- growth, maintenance and repair of body tissue
- 4 kcal
- beef, whole milk, poultry
• Fat soluble vitamins -✓✓A, D, E, K
• Water soluble Vitamins -✓✓C, B
• Minerals -✓✓- complete essential biochemical reactions
- calcium, potassium, sodium, iron
• Newborns starting to eat solid foods -✓✓- 4-6 months
- No cow's milk or honey for the first year
• Anorexia Nervosa -✓✓- eating disorder
- low body weight
- self perception of being far
- consistent restriction of food intake
• bulimia nervosa -✓✓- eating disorder
- binge eating followed by purging
• Healthy BMI -✓✓18.5-25
• Preventing aspiration -✓✓- Position in high fowlers
- tuck chin when swallowing
- keep client in semi fowlers at least 1 hr after meals
• Nutrition of Older adults (over 65) -✓✓- slower metabolic rate require fewer calories
- thirst sensation diminish
- need same amount of vitamins and minerals as younger adults
- calcium intake
- need carbohydrates for fiber/bulk