LS23L Week 1 - Scientific Method and the
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2026/2027
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Terms in this set (22)
Hypothetico-Deductive Proposed by Karl Popper. It begins with
Approach observations of events or patterns,
followed by suggestions for the general
causes and nature of the observed
events and patterns. Next, the approach
requires a specific hypothesis that must
be tested (either by carrying out
appropriate experiments or making
specific observations). The results are
measured and tested statistically,
allowing us to conclude whether our
hypothesis was supported and deduce
something about the phenomenon. If the
hypothesis was supported, we continue
research to support hypothesis. If it was
rejected, develop new theory.
, The Falsificationist Procedure A way of increasing the power of
conclusions made by the hypothetico-
deductive approach. It involves taking
the hypothesis (H1) and creating a null
hypothesis (H0) that predicts no effect or
no difference between two or more
tested samples. The reason for doing this
is that the hypotheses can be disproved
much more easily than they can be
proved.
Descriptive Statistics E.g. mean, standard deviation, and mode.
Describe the pattern and distribution of
measurements.
Inferential Statistics E.g. t-test. Used to assess whether two
samples are coming from the same
population.
Population The entire collection of measurements on
which the researcher intends to draw
conclusions
Sample The set of measurements actually made
(ex. sampling daily dietary calories of one
thousand individuals from each capital of
a South American country)
MIT Exam | Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Verified | Latest Update
2026/2027
Save
Terms in this set (22)
Hypothetico-Deductive Proposed by Karl Popper. It begins with
Approach observations of events or patterns,
followed by suggestions for the general
causes and nature of the observed
events and patterns. Next, the approach
requires a specific hypothesis that must
be tested (either by carrying out
appropriate experiments or making
specific observations). The results are
measured and tested statistically,
allowing us to conclude whether our
hypothesis was supported and deduce
something about the phenomenon. If the
hypothesis was supported, we continue
research to support hypothesis. If it was
rejected, develop new theory.
, The Falsificationist Procedure A way of increasing the power of
conclusions made by the hypothetico-
deductive approach. It involves taking
the hypothesis (H1) and creating a null
hypothesis (H0) that predicts no effect or
no difference between two or more
tested samples. The reason for doing this
is that the hypotheses can be disproved
much more easily than they can be
proved.
Descriptive Statistics E.g. mean, standard deviation, and mode.
Describe the pattern and distribution of
measurements.
Inferential Statistics E.g. t-test. Used to assess whether two
samples are coming from the same
population.
Population The entire collection of measurements on
which the researcher intends to draw
conclusions
Sample The set of measurements actually made
(ex. sampling daily dietary calories of one
thousand individuals from each capital of
a South American country)
