NURS 5434 Family 3- Final Exam
Questions and Answers | Fall 2026/27
Update | 100% Correct –UTA.
1. A 6-year-old has fever, cough, and a barking sound when crying. The most
likely diagnosis is:
A. Asthma
B. Croup
C. Pneumonia
D. Bronchiolitis
Answer: B. Croup
Rationale: Croup typically causes a barking cough, hoarseness, and
inspiratory stridor, especially in young children.
2. A child with suspected otitis media is most likely to report:
A. Ear pain
B. Chest pain
C. Dysuria
D. Abdominal rigidity
Answer: A. Ear pain
Rationale: Acute otitis media commonly presents with ear pain, fever, and
sometimes decreased hearing.
3. A key teaching for parents of a child with impetigo is:
A. Share towels freely
B. Keep lesions covered
C. Stop all bathing
D. Use only steroid cream
Answer: B. Keep lesions covered
Rationale: Impetigo is contagious, so covering lesions and good hygiene
help prevent spread.
4. A toddler with fever, drooling, and tripod posture needs immediate attention
for:
A. Tonsillitis
B. Epiglottitis
, C. Strep throat
D. Allergic rhinitis
Answer: B. Epiglottitis
Rationale: Drooling and tripod positioning suggest airway compromise,
which is an emergency.
5. The best initial advice for a child with mild dehydration from gastroenteritis
is:
A. Restrict all fluids
B. Oral rehydration solution
C. Carbonated beverages
D. High-fat foods
Answer: B. Oral rehydration solution
Rationale: Oral rehydration is the preferred first-line treatment for mild
dehydration.
6. A child with pinworm infection usually has:
A. Severe joint pain
B. Nighttime anal itching
C. Bloody diarrhea
D. Jaundice
Answer: B. Nighttime anal itching
Rationale: Pinworms commonly cause perianal itching that worsens at
night.
7. A school-age child with wheezing and chest tightness most likely has:
A. Asthma
B. Appendicitis
C. Pharyngitis
D. Sinusitis
Answer: A. Asthma
Rationale: Wheezing and chest tightness are classic asthma symptoms.
8. The preferred method to confirm strep pharyngitis is:
A. Chest x-ray
B. Rapid antigen test or throat culture
C. Urinalysis
D. CT scan
, Answer: B. Rapid antigen test or throat culture
Rationale: These tests identify group A streptococcal infection.
9. A child with hand-foot-mouth disease should be managed with:
A. Antiviral therapy always
B. Supportive care
C. Surgical drainage
D. Antibiotics only
Answer: B. Supportive care
Rationale: Treatment is usually symptomatic with fluids, pain relief, and
fever control.
10.A child with suspected appendicitis should be:
A. Given a laxative
B. Kept NPO
C. Encouraged to eat fiber
D. Massaged over the abdomen
Answer: B. Kept NPO
Rationale: NPO status is important in case surgery is needed.
11.The most likely cause of a 3-year-old’s sudden nighttime barking cough is:
A. Croup
B. TB
C. CHF
D. GERD only
Answer: A. Croup
Rationale: Croup often worsens at night and causes a barking cough.
12.A child with suspected asthma should be taught to use:
A. Inhaled bronchodilator as rescue medication
B. Antibiotics daily
C. Diuretics
D. Anticoagulants
Answer: A. Inhaled bronchodilator as rescue medication
Rationale: Short-acting bronchodilators are used for acute symptom relief.
13.Which finding is most concerning in a child with diarrhea?
A. Mild thirst
B. Sunken eyes
C. Playing normally
Questions and Answers | Fall 2026/27
Update | 100% Correct –UTA.
1. A 6-year-old has fever, cough, and a barking sound when crying. The most
likely diagnosis is:
A. Asthma
B. Croup
C. Pneumonia
D. Bronchiolitis
Answer: B. Croup
Rationale: Croup typically causes a barking cough, hoarseness, and
inspiratory stridor, especially in young children.
2. A child with suspected otitis media is most likely to report:
A. Ear pain
B. Chest pain
C. Dysuria
D. Abdominal rigidity
Answer: A. Ear pain
Rationale: Acute otitis media commonly presents with ear pain, fever, and
sometimes decreased hearing.
3. A key teaching for parents of a child with impetigo is:
A. Share towels freely
B. Keep lesions covered
C. Stop all bathing
D. Use only steroid cream
Answer: B. Keep lesions covered
Rationale: Impetigo is contagious, so covering lesions and good hygiene
help prevent spread.
4. A toddler with fever, drooling, and tripod posture needs immediate attention
for:
A. Tonsillitis
B. Epiglottitis
, C. Strep throat
D. Allergic rhinitis
Answer: B. Epiglottitis
Rationale: Drooling and tripod positioning suggest airway compromise,
which is an emergency.
5. The best initial advice for a child with mild dehydration from gastroenteritis
is:
A. Restrict all fluids
B. Oral rehydration solution
C. Carbonated beverages
D. High-fat foods
Answer: B. Oral rehydration solution
Rationale: Oral rehydration is the preferred first-line treatment for mild
dehydration.
6. A child with pinworm infection usually has:
A. Severe joint pain
B. Nighttime anal itching
C. Bloody diarrhea
D. Jaundice
Answer: B. Nighttime anal itching
Rationale: Pinworms commonly cause perianal itching that worsens at
night.
7. A school-age child with wheezing and chest tightness most likely has:
A. Asthma
B. Appendicitis
C. Pharyngitis
D. Sinusitis
Answer: A. Asthma
Rationale: Wheezing and chest tightness are classic asthma symptoms.
8. The preferred method to confirm strep pharyngitis is:
A. Chest x-ray
B. Rapid antigen test or throat culture
C. Urinalysis
D. CT scan
, Answer: B. Rapid antigen test or throat culture
Rationale: These tests identify group A streptococcal infection.
9. A child with hand-foot-mouth disease should be managed with:
A. Antiviral therapy always
B. Supportive care
C. Surgical drainage
D. Antibiotics only
Answer: B. Supportive care
Rationale: Treatment is usually symptomatic with fluids, pain relief, and
fever control.
10.A child with suspected appendicitis should be:
A. Given a laxative
B. Kept NPO
C. Encouraged to eat fiber
D. Massaged over the abdomen
Answer: B. Kept NPO
Rationale: NPO status is important in case surgery is needed.
11.The most likely cause of a 3-year-old’s sudden nighttime barking cough is:
A. Croup
B. TB
C. CHF
D. GERD only
Answer: A. Croup
Rationale: Croup often worsens at night and causes a barking cough.
12.A child with suspected asthma should be taught to use:
A. Inhaled bronchodilator as rescue medication
B. Antibiotics daily
C. Diuretics
D. Anticoagulants
Answer: A. Inhaled bronchodilator as rescue medication
Rationale: Short-acting bronchodilators are used for acute symptom relief.
13.Which finding is most concerning in a child with diarrhea?
A. Mild thirst
B. Sunken eyes
C. Playing normally
