Detailed HESI Exam Study Guide 2020.2021-ADVANCED CLINICAL CONCEPTS

ARDS is an unexpected, catastrophic pulmonary complication occurring in a person with no previous pulmonary problems. The mortality rate is high (50%) In ARDS, a common laboratory finding is lowered PO2. However, these clients are not very responsive to high concentrations of oxygen. Think about the physiology of the lungs by remembering PEEP: Positive End Expiratory Pressure is the instillation and maintenance of small amounts of air into the alveolar sacs to prevent them from collapsing each time the client exhales. The amount of pressure can be set with the ventilator and is usually around 5 to 10 cm of water. Suction only when secretions are present. Before drawing arterial blood gases from the radial artery, perform the Allen test to assess collateral circulation. Make the client’s hand blanch by obliterating both the radial and ulnar pulses. Then release the pressure over the ulnar artery only. If flow through the ulnar artery is good, flushing will be seen immediately. The Allen test is then positive, and the radial artery can be used for puncture. If the Allen testMEDICAL –SURGICAL NURSING RESPIRATORY SYSTEMRENAL SYSTEMCARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMGASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEMENDOCRINE SYSTEMMUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMNEUROLOGICAL SYSTEMNEUROSENSORY SYSTEMHEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGYREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMPEDIATRIC NURSING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1. When does birth length double? = by 4 years 2. When does the child sit unsupported? = 8 months 3. When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? = 2 years 4. When does a child throw a ball overhand? = 18 months 5. When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? = 2 years 6. When does a child use scissors? = 4 years 7. When does a child tie his/her shoes? = 5 yearsARDS is an unexpected, catastrophic pulmonary complication occurring in a person with no previous pulmonary problems. The mortality rate is high (50%) In ARDS, a common laboratory finding is lowered PO2. However, these clients are not very responsive to high concentrations of oxygen. Think about the physiology of the lungs by remembering PEEP: Positive End Expiratory Pressure is the instillation and maintenance of small amounts of air into the alveolar sacs to prevent them from collapsing each time the client exhales. The amount of pressure can be set with the ventilator and is usually around 5 to 10 cm of water. Suction only when secretions are present. Before drawing arterial blood gases from the radial artery, perform the Allen test to assess collateral circulation. Make the client’s hand blanch by obliterating both the radial and ulnar pulses. Then release the pressure over the ulnar artery only. If flow through the ulnar artery is good, flushing will be seen immediately. The Allen test is then positive, and the radial artery can be used for puncture. If the Allen testMEDICAL –SURGICAL NURSING RESPIRATORY SYSTEMRENAL SYSTEMCARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMGASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEMENDOCRINE SYSTEMMUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMNEUROLOGICAL SYSTEMNEUROSENSORY SYSTEMHEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGYREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMPEDIATRIC NURSING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: 1. When does birth length double? = by 4 years 2. When does the child sit unsupported? = 8 months 3. When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? = 2 years 4. When does a child throw a ball overhand? = 18 months 5. When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? = 2 years 6. When does a child use scissors? = 4 years 7. When does a child tie his/her shoes? = 5 years