NU 327 Exam 1 Pathophysiology|
Questions and Answers |Update 2026
Metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-How do cells make energy?
aerobic and anaerobic metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-two types of metabolism
aerobic metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-happens INSIDE of the mitochondria;
requires oxygen
anaerobic metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-happens OUTSIDE of the mitochondria;
also called glycolysis
2 ATP -Correct Answer ✔-result of anaerobic metabolism
34 ATP -Correct Answer ✔-result of aerobic metabolism
The sodium-potassium pump will not function at all -Correct Answer ✔-What
happens when there is energy failure?
Potassium -Correct Answer ✔-intracellular ion
Sodium -Correct Answer ✔-extracellular ion
The sodium-potassium pump binds three sodium ions and a molecule of ATP. -
Correct Answer ✔-1st Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
,The spitting of ATP provides energy to change the shape of the channel. The
sodium ions are driven through the channel. -Correct Answer ✔-2nd Step of the
Sodium Potassium Pump
The sodium ions are released to the outside of the membrane, and the new shape
of the channel allows two potassium ions to bind. -Correct Answer ✔-3rd Step of
the Sodium Potassium Pump
Release of the phosphate allows the channel to revert to its original form,
releasing the potassium ions on the inside of the membrane. -Correct Answer ✔-
4th Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
Atrophy -Correct Answer ✔-decreased cell SIZE
Hypertrophy -Correct Answer ✔-increased cell SIZE
Hyperplasia -Correct Answer ✔-increased cell NUMBER
Metaplasia -Correct Answer ✔-replacement of one cell type by another cell type
Dysplasia -Correct Answer ✔-deranged cellular growth
Neoplasia -Correct Answer ✔-new growth (tumor)
Genetic Disorders -Correct Answer ✔-inherited disorder from a family member
caused by DNA abnormality
, Down Syndrome, Cystic Fibrosis, Huntington's Disease -Correct Answer ✔-Most
common types of Genetic Disorders
Dominant & Recessive -Correct Answer ✔-two types of alleles in genes
dominant -Correct Answer ✔-produce a dominant phenotype
this is what will be "seen" or "appear"
recessive -Correct Answer ✔-produce a recessive phenotype
dominant will overpower these
must be recessive -Correct Answer ✔-If recessive gene is "shown" then both
parents _____________________.
carrier -Correct Answer ✔-If a person has one dominant and one recessive allele
from parents then daughter gene is said to be a _____________.
autosomal dominant disorders -Correct Answer ✔-affect males and females
equally; there is no carrier
Marfan Syndrome
Familial Hypercholesterolemia -Correct Answer ✔-Two types of autosomal
dominant disorders
autosomal recessive disorders -Correct Answer ✔-affect male and female equally;
carrier exists
Questions and Answers |Update 2026
Metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-How do cells make energy?
aerobic and anaerobic metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-two types of metabolism
aerobic metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-happens INSIDE of the mitochondria;
requires oxygen
anaerobic metabolism -Correct Answer ✔-happens OUTSIDE of the mitochondria;
also called glycolysis
2 ATP -Correct Answer ✔-result of anaerobic metabolism
34 ATP -Correct Answer ✔-result of aerobic metabolism
The sodium-potassium pump will not function at all -Correct Answer ✔-What
happens when there is energy failure?
Potassium -Correct Answer ✔-intracellular ion
Sodium -Correct Answer ✔-extracellular ion
The sodium-potassium pump binds three sodium ions and a molecule of ATP. -
Correct Answer ✔-1st Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
,The spitting of ATP provides energy to change the shape of the channel. The
sodium ions are driven through the channel. -Correct Answer ✔-2nd Step of the
Sodium Potassium Pump
The sodium ions are released to the outside of the membrane, and the new shape
of the channel allows two potassium ions to bind. -Correct Answer ✔-3rd Step of
the Sodium Potassium Pump
Release of the phosphate allows the channel to revert to its original form,
releasing the potassium ions on the inside of the membrane. -Correct Answer ✔-
4th Step of the Sodium Potassium Pump
Atrophy -Correct Answer ✔-decreased cell SIZE
Hypertrophy -Correct Answer ✔-increased cell SIZE
Hyperplasia -Correct Answer ✔-increased cell NUMBER
Metaplasia -Correct Answer ✔-replacement of one cell type by another cell type
Dysplasia -Correct Answer ✔-deranged cellular growth
Neoplasia -Correct Answer ✔-new growth (tumor)
Genetic Disorders -Correct Answer ✔-inherited disorder from a family member
caused by DNA abnormality
, Down Syndrome, Cystic Fibrosis, Huntington's Disease -Correct Answer ✔-Most
common types of Genetic Disorders
Dominant & Recessive -Correct Answer ✔-two types of alleles in genes
dominant -Correct Answer ✔-produce a dominant phenotype
this is what will be "seen" or "appear"
recessive -Correct Answer ✔-produce a recessive phenotype
dominant will overpower these
must be recessive -Correct Answer ✔-If recessive gene is "shown" then both
parents _____________________.
carrier -Correct Answer ✔-If a person has one dominant and one recessive allele
from parents then daughter gene is said to be a _____________.
autosomal dominant disorders -Correct Answer ✔-affect males and females
equally; there is no carrier
Marfan Syndrome
Familial Hypercholesterolemia -Correct Answer ✔-Two types of autosomal
dominant disorders
autosomal recessive disorders -Correct Answer ✔-affect male and female equally;
carrier exists
