NSG 3800/3850 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Question 1: Which of the following best outlines the underlying pathophysiology
of acute bronchitis?
A) Destruction of alveolar walls leading to permanent air trapping and barrel
chest
B) Acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi characterized by airway
narrowing from capillary dilation, fluid swelling, excessive mucus
production, and temporary loss of ciliated epithelial cells ✔️✔️
C) An autoimmune destruction of the pleural membrane surrounding the
lungs
D) Fibrous scarring of the lung parenchyma following chronic exposure to
inorganic dusts
Question 2: Which combination of factors represents recognized viral, non-viral,
or environmental causes responsible for the onset of acute bronchitis?
A) Genetic mutations, high sodium intake, and chronic physical inactivity
B) Severe hypocalcemia, structural kidney trauma, and simple bacterial
pyelonephritis
C) Viral pathogens like Coronavirus, or non-viral triggers such as heat,
smoke inhalation, and severe allergic airway reactions ✔️✔️
D) Hypernatremia, structural heart failure, and acute portal hypertension
Question 3: What is considered the definitive, distinctive clinical hallmark
symptom of a patient presenting with acute bronchitis?
A) A newly developed, recent onset of a cough ✔️✔️
B) A sudden spike in temperature above $104^\circ\text{F}$ accompanied
by severe generalized edema
C) Chronic, unremitting diarrhea lasting longer than three weeks
, D) High systemic blood pressure paired with sudden hair loss
Chronic Bronchitis Risk factors -ANSWER ✔️✔️Cigarette smoking
Overweight
Genetic predisposition
Inhalation of physical or chemical irritants
Chronic or recurrent productive cough
Chronic bronchitis patho -ANSWER ✔️✔️Hyperplasia of bronchial mucous
gland/goblet cells
Increased mucous production with formation of mucous plugs
Increased bronchial wall thickness
INCREASED PULMONARY ARTERY RESISTANCE LEADS TO
PULMONARY HTN
Chronic bronchitis s/s -ANSWER ✔️✔️BLUE BOATER
Overweight
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Acidosis
Exertional dyspnea
Digital clubbing
Cardiomegaly
Accessory muscles
,What is COPD and what conditions are classified as COPD? -ANSWER
✔️✔️Chronic airflow limitation
Emphysema and Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema Patho/Etiology -ANSWER ✔️✔️abnormal distention of alveoli
Antitrypsin deficiency (caused from nicotine)
Smoking
Air pollution
Occupational environments
What is Antitrypsin and what condition is it associated with? -ANSWER ✔️✔️A1-
Antitrypsin is a protein produced in the liver that protects the body's tissues from
being damaged by infection fighting agents released by its immune system.
Inhibits neutrophil elastase activity in the lung protecting it from proteolytic
damage
Deficiency is rare inherited disorder that causes lung disease and liver disease
Associated with emphysema
Emphysema S/S -ANSWER ✔️✔️Pink puffer (good gas exchange but increased
respiratory effort)
Pursed lip breathing
Accessory muscles
Barrel chest
, Thin, wasted individual hunched forward (r/t increased respiratory effort and
resulting caloric expenditure with decreased ability to consume adequate calories)
Prolonged expiration
Clubbing
Emphysema complications -ANSWER ✔️✔️Pneumothorax due to bullae
Weight loss due to work of breathing
Bronchitis complications -ANSWER ✔️✔️Secondary polycythemia
Pulmonary hypertension
Cor pulmonale (R sided heart failure)
COPD Nursing care -ANSWER ✔️✔️Pulmonary secretion removal
Education on controlled coughing (maximal inspiration followed by breath-holding
and then two or three coughs)
Huff coughing (one to two forced exhalations from a low to medium lung volumes
with the glottis open)
Chest physiotherapy
Increased fluid intake
What immunization does the nurse recommend patients with COPD to have? -
ANSWER ✔️✔️Flu and pneumococcal pneumonia
Monitoring and managing potential COPD complications -ANSWER ✔️✔️-
cognitive changes can indicate hypoxemia and impending resp failure
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Question 1: Which of the following best outlines the underlying pathophysiology
of acute bronchitis?
A) Destruction of alveolar walls leading to permanent air trapping and barrel
chest
B) Acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi characterized by airway
narrowing from capillary dilation, fluid swelling, excessive mucus
production, and temporary loss of ciliated epithelial cells ✔️✔️
C) An autoimmune destruction of the pleural membrane surrounding the
lungs
D) Fibrous scarring of the lung parenchyma following chronic exposure to
inorganic dusts
Question 2: Which combination of factors represents recognized viral, non-viral,
or environmental causes responsible for the onset of acute bronchitis?
A) Genetic mutations, high sodium intake, and chronic physical inactivity
B) Severe hypocalcemia, structural kidney trauma, and simple bacterial
pyelonephritis
C) Viral pathogens like Coronavirus, or non-viral triggers such as heat,
smoke inhalation, and severe allergic airway reactions ✔️✔️
D) Hypernatremia, structural heart failure, and acute portal hypertension
Question 3: What is considered the definitive, distinctive clinical hallmark
symptom of a patient presenting with acute bronchitis?
A) A newly developed, recent onset of a cough ✔️✔️
B) A sudden spike in temperature above $104^\circ\text{F}$ accompanied
by severe generalized edema
C) Chronic, unremitting diarrhea lasting longer than three weeks
, D) High systemic blood pressure paired with sudden hair loss
Chronic Bronchitis Risk factors -ANSWER ✔️✔️Cigarette smoking
Overweight
Genetic predisposition
Inhalation of physical or chemical irritants
Chronic or recurrent productive cough
Chronic bronchitis patho -ANSWER ✔️✔️Hyperplasia of bronchial mucous
gland/goblet cells
Increased mucous production with formation of mucous plugs
Increased bronchial wall thickness
INCREASED PULMONARY ARTERY RESISTANCE LEADS TO
PULMONARY HTN
Chronic bronchitis s/s -ANSWER ✔️✔️BLUE BOATER
Overweight
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Acidosis
Exertional dyspnea
Digital clubbing
Cardiomegaly
Accessory muscles
,What is COPD and what conditions are classified as COPD? -ANSWER
✔️✔️Chronic airflow limitation
Emphysema and Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema Patho/Etiology -ANSWER ✔️✔️abnormal distention of alveoli
Antitrypsin deficiency (caused from nicotine)
Smoking
Air pollution
Occupational environments
What is Antitrypsin and what condition is it associated with? -ANSWER ✔️✔️A1-
Antitrypsin is a protein produced in the liver that protects the body's tissues from
being damaged by infection fighting agents released by its immune system.
Inhibits neutrophil elastase activity in the lung protecting it from proteolytic
damage
Deficiency is rare inherited disorder that causes lung disease and liver disease
Associated with emphysema
Emphysema S/S -ANSWER ✔️✔️Pink puffer (good gas exchange but increased
respiratory effort)
Pursed lip breathing
Accessory muscles
Barrel chest
, Thin, wasted individual hunched forward (r/t increased respiratory effort and
resulting caloric expenditure with decreased ability to consume adequate calories)
Prolonged expiration
Clubbing
Emphysema complications -ANSWER ✔️✔️Pneumothorax due to bullae
Weight loss due to work of breathing
Bronchitis complications -ANSWER ✔️✔️Secondary polycythemia
Pulmonary hypertension
Cor pulmonale (R sided heart failure)
COPD Nursing care -ANSWER ✔️✔️Pulmonary secretion removal
Education on controlled coughing (maximal inspiration followed by breath-holding
and then two or three coughs)
Huff coughing (one to two forced exhalations from a low to medium lung volumes
with the glottis open)
Chest physiotherapy
Increased fluid intake
What immunization does the nurse recommend patients with COPD to have? -
ANSWER ✔️✔️Flu and pneumococcal pneumonia
Monitoring and managing potential COPD complications -ANSWER ✔️✔️-
cognitive changes can indicate hypoxemia and impending resp failure
