HOSA Clinical Nursing Review Exam Questions and Correct Answers
2026 /2027 Graded A+|Brand New!!!
A medication's _____ _____ determines the organ of excretion. For example, gaseous and
volatile compounds, such as alcohol and nitrous oxide, exit through the _____. - Answer -
Chemical makeup/lungs
In medications exit through sweat glands, you provide ______ to reduce skin irritation. - Answer
-Hygiene
You must know if a drug is excreted through the ______, because the administration of laxatives
or enemas increases ______, accelerates excretion, and thus lessens the time for drug effects. -
Answer -Intestines/peristalsis
When patients have reduced ____ function, they are at risk for medication toxicity. - Answer -
Renal
It is important to know the exact _______ ______ for which a medication is prescribed so you
can properly _____ patients about a medication's intended effect and to accurately evaluate the
medication's desired effect. - Answer -Therapeutic effect/teach
Sometimes a single medication has many therapeutic effects. For example, _____ relieves pain
and reduces fever and tissue inflammation. - Answer -Aspirin
1|Page
,_____ _____ are predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a usual
therapeutic drug dose. - Answer -Side effects
Some antihypertensive medications cause _______ in male patients. - Answer -Impotence
If the side effects are serious enough to outweigh the _____ of a medication's therapeutic
action, the prescriber will likely _____ the medication. - Answer -Benefits/discontinue
Patients commonly _____ taking medications because of side effects such as anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and diarrhea. - Answer -Stop
_____ drug effects are unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable. - Answer -Adverse
Unfortunately, although ADEs are sometimes immediately apparent, they often take ___ or
____ to develop. - Answer -Weeks/months
_____ recognition and reporting of ADEs will prevent serious injury to patients. - Answer -
Prompt
2|Page
, _____ _____ develop after prolonged intake of a medication, when a medication accumulates in
the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion, or when too high a dose is given. -
Answer -Toxic effects
Toxic levels of morphine, an opioid, cause severe _____ ______ and death. - Answer -
Respiratory depression
Medications often cause unpredictable effects such as an _______ _______, in which a patient
_______or _______to a medication or has a reaction different from normal. - Answer -
idiosyncratic reaction/overreacts/underreacts
Predicting which patients will have an idiosyncratic response is _______. - Answer -Impossible
Ativan, an antianxiety medication, when given to an older adult may cause _____ and ______. -
Answer -Agitation/delirium
_______ ______ also are unpredictable responses to a medication. Exposure to an initial dose
of a medication causes a patient to become sensitized _______. - Answer -Allergic
reactions/immunologically
3|Page
2026 /2027 Graded A+|Brand New!!!
A medication's _____ _____ determines the organ of excretion. For example, gaseous and
volatile compounds, such as alcohol and nitrous oxide, exit through the _____. - Answer -
Chemical makeup/lungs
In medications exit through sweat glands, you provide ______ to reduce skin irritation. - Answer
-Hygiene
You must know if a drug is excreted through the ______, because the administration of laxatives
or enemas increases ______, accelerates excretion, and thus lessens the time for drug effects. -
Answer -Intestines/peristalsis
When patients have reduced ____ function, they are at risk for medication toxicity. - Answer -
Renal
It is important to know the exact _______ ______ for which a medication is prescribed so you
can properly _____ patients about a medication's intended effect and to accurately evaluate the
medication's desired effect. - Answer -Therapeutic effect/teach
Sometimes a single medication has many therapeutic effects. For example, _____ relieves pain
and reduces fever and tissue inflammation. - Answer -Aspirin
1|Page
,_____ _____ are predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a usual
therapeutic drug dose. - Answer -Side effects
Some antihypertensive medications cause _______ in male patients. - Answer -Impotence
If the side effects are serious enough to outweigh the _____ of a medication's therapeutic
action, the prescriber will likely _____ the medication. - Answer -Benefits/discontinue
Patients commonly _____ taking medications because of side effects such as anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and diarrhea. - Answer -Stop
_____ drug effects are unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable. - Answer -Adverse
Unfortunately, although ADEs are sometimes immediately apparent, they often take ___ or
____ to develop. - Answer -Weeks/months
_____ recognition and reporting of ADEs will prevent serious injury to patients. - Answer -
Prompt
2|Page
, _____ _____ develop after prolonged intake of a medication, when a medication accumulates in
the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion, or when too high a dose is given. -
Answer -Toxic effects
Toxic levels of morphine, an opioid, cause severe _____ ______ and death. - Answer -
Respiratory depression
Medications often cause unpredictable effects such as an _______ _______, in which a patient
_______or _______to a medication or has a reaction different from normal. - Answer -
idiosyncratic reaction/overreacts/underreacts
Predicting which patients will have an idiosyncratic response is _______. - Answer -Impossible
Ativan, an antianxiety medication, when given to an older adult may cause _____ and ______. -
Answer -Agitation/delirium
_______ ______ also are unpredictable responses to a medication. Exposure to an initial dose
of a medication causes a patient to become sensitized _______. - Answer -Allergic
reactions/immunologically
3|Page
