NR566 Advanced Pharmacology for Care of the
Family: Week 4 Midterm – 100 Actual Questions &
Study Guide | INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD
1. A 68-year-old patient with hypertension is started on lisinopril. Which
assessment is most important to monitor after initiation?
A. Serum potassium and creatinine
B. Serum sodium and chloride
C. Platelet count and hemoglobin
D. Serum calcium and magnesium
Correct answer:>>A
Rationale:>> ACE inhibitors can increase potassium and affect renal
function, so potassium and creatinine should be monitored. The other labs
are not the priority for lisinopril safety.
2. Which finding is the most common adverse effect of opioid therapy?
A. Bradycardia
B. Constipation
C. Tinnitus
D. Hyperglycemia
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Constipation is one of the most common and persistent opioid
adverse effects. It usually requires preventive treatment, not just PRN
management.
3. A patient taking warfarin asks which food should be kept consistent in the
diet. Which is the best answer?
A. Bananas
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Apples
D. Dairy products
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Leafy green vegetables contain vitamin K, which can affect
warfarin activity. The key is consistency, not complete avoidance.
,4. Which medication is most appropriate first-line therapy for uncomplicated
primary hypertension in many adults?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Prednisone
D. Metformin
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Thiazide diuretics are commonly used first-line agents for
uncomplicated hypertension. The other drugs are not antihypertensives.
5. A patient with chronic kidney disease needs a medication dose adjustment
because the drug is cleared mainly by the kidneys. Which pharmacokinetic
concept is being applied?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Elimination
D. Receptor affinity
Correct answer:>>C
Rationale:>> Renal clearance affects drug elimination. Reduced kidney
function can cause drug accumulation and toxicity.
6. Which NSAID adverse effect is most concerning in an older adult?
A. Mild headache
B. GI bleeding
C. Increased appetite
D. Dry mouth
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in
older adults. This risk is clinically significant and often limits use.
7. A patient is prescribed albuterol for acute asthma symptoms. What is the
expected action of this medication?
A. Bronchodilation
B. Mucus suppression
C. Antibiotic effect
D. Corticosteroid replacement
Correct answer:>>A
, Rationale:>> Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist that causes
bronchodilation. It is used for quick relief of bronchospasm.
8. Which instruction is most important for a patient taking sublingual
nitroglycerin for chest pain?
A. Swallow the tablet with water
B. Take one tablet every 30 minutes for 4 doses
C. Sit or lie down before taking it
D. Take it only after meals
Correct answer:>>C
Rationale:>> Nitroglycerin can cause dizziness and hypotension, so the
patient should sit or lie down first. This helps prevent falls and injury.
9. A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is started on methotrexate. Which
teaching point is most important?
A. It is safe to drink heavily while taking it
B. It may take weeks to show benefit
C. Stop the drug once pain improves
D. Take extra vitamin C daily to prevent toxicity
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Methotrexate is a disease-modifying agent and may take
several weeks to work. Patients should not stop it just because symptoms
improve early.
10.Which medication is commonly used to reduce opioid-related constipation?
A. Loperamide
B. Senna
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Ondansetron
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Senna is a stimulant laxative often used to prevent or treat
opioid-induced constipation. Loperamide would worsen constipation.
11.Which lab value is most concerning before starting spironolactone?
A. Low potassium
B. High potassium
C. Low hemoglobin
D. High white blood cell count
Correct answer:>>B
, Rationale:>> Spironolactone is potassium-sparing and can worsen
hyperkalemia. This makes baseline and follow-up potassium important.
12.A patient on digoxin reports nausea, blurred vision, and seeing yellow halos.
What is the best interpretation?
A. Expected mild side effects
B. Digoxin toxicity
C. Allergy to the medication
D. Therapeutic effect
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Nausea and visual changes are classic signs of digoxin
toxicity. The medication should be withheld and the patient assessed.
13.Which medication is a proton pump inhibitor?
A. Omeprazole
B. Ranitidine
C. Sucralfate
D. Calcium carbonate
Correct answer:>>A
Rationale:>> Omeprazole suppresses gastric acid by inhibiting the proton
pump. The other agents work by different mechanisms.
14.A patient with type 2 diabetes wants to know which medication class may
cause weight loss. Which is the best answer?
A. GLP-1 receptor agonists
B. Loop diuretics
C. Beta blockers
D. Penicillins
Correct answer:>>A
Rationale:>> GLP-1 receptor agonists can improve glycemic control and
promote weight loss. They are commonly used in patients where weight is a
concern.
15.Which adverse effect is most associated with corticosteroid use?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Infection risk
C. Severe bradycardia
D. Hearing loss
Correct answer:>>B
Family: Week 4 Midterm – 100 Actual Questions &
Study Guide | INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD
1. A 68-year-old patient with hypertension is started on lisinopril. Which
assessment is most important to monitor after initiation?
A. Serum potassium and creatinine
B. Serum sodium and chloride
C. Platelet count and hemoglobin
D. Serum calcium and magnesium
Correct answer:>>A
Rationale:>> ACE inhibitors can increase potassium and affect renal
function, so potassium and creatinine should be monitored. The other labs
are not the priority for lisinopril safety.
2. Which finding is the most common adverse effect of opioid therapy?
A. Bradycardia
B. Constipation
C. Tinnitus
D. Hyperglycemia
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Constipation is one of the most common and persistent opioid
adverse effects. It usually requires preventive treatment, not just PRN
management.
3. A patient taking warfarin asks which food should be kept consistent in the
diet. Which is the best answer?
A. Bananas
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Apples
D. Dairy products
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Leafy green vegetables contain vitamin K, which can affect
warfarin activity. The key is consistency, not complete avoidance.
,4. Which medication is most appropriate first-line therapy for uncomplicated
primary hypertension in many adults?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Prednisone
D. Metformin
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Thiazide diuretics are commonly used first-line agents for
uncomplicated hypertension. The other drugs are not antihypertensives.
5. A patient with chronic kidney disease needs a medication dose adjustment
because the drug is cleared mainly by the kidneys. Which pharmacokinetic
concept is being applied?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Elimination
D. Receptor affinity
Correct answer:>>C
Rationale:>> Renal clearance affects drug elimination. Reduced kidney
function can cause drug accumulation and toxicity.
6. Which NSAID adverse effect is most concerning in an older adult?
A. Mild headache
B. GI bleeding
C. Increased appetite
D. Dry mouth
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, especially in
older adults. This risk is clinically significant and often limits use.
7. A patient is prescribed albuterol for acute asthma symptoms. What is the
expected action of this medication?
A. Bronchodilation
B. Mucus suppression
C. Antibiotic effect
D. Corticosteroid replacement
Correct answer:>>A
, Rationale:>> Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist that causes
bronchodilation. It is used for quick relief of bronchospasm.
8. Which instruction is most important for a patient taking sublingual
nitroglycerin for chest pain?
A. Swallow the tablet with water
B. Take one tablet every 30 minutes for 4 doses
C. Sit or lie down before taking it
D. Take it only after meals
Correct answer:>>C
Rationale:>> Nitroglycerin can cause dizziness and hypotension, so the
patient should sit or lie down first. This helps prevent falls and injury.
9. A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is started on methotrexate. Which
teaching point is most important?
A. It is safe to drink heavily while taking it
B. It may take weeks to show benefit
C. Stop the drug once pain improves
D. Take extra vitamin C daily to prevent toxicity
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Methotrexate is a disease-modifying agent and may take
several weeks to work. Patients should not stop it just because symptoms
improve early.
10.Which medication is commonly used to reduce opioid-related constipation?
A. Loperamide
B. Senna
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Ondansetron
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Senna is a stimulant laxative often used to prevent or treat
opioid-induced constipation. Loperamide would worsen constipation.
11.Which lab value is most concerning before starting spironolactone?
A. Low potassium
B. High potassium
C. Low hemoglobin
D. High white blood cell count
Correct answer:>>B
, Rationale:>> Spironolactone is potassium-sparing and can worsen
hyperkalemia. This makes baseline and follow-up potassium important.
12.A patient on digoxin reports nausea, blurred vision, and seeing yellow halos.
What is the best interpretation?
A. Expected mild side effects
B. Digoxin toxicity
C. Allergy to the medication
D. Therapeutic effect
Correct answer:>>B
Rationale:>> Nausea and visual changes are classic signs of digoxin
toxicity. The medication should be withheld and the patient assessed.
13.Which medication is a proton pump inhibitor?
A. Omeprazole
B. Ranitidine
C. Sucralfate
D. Calcium carbonate
Correct answer:>>A
Rationale:>> Omeprazole suppresses gastric acid by inhibiting the proton
pump. The other agents work by different mechanisms.
14.A patient with type 2 diabetes wants to know which medication class may
cause weight loss. Which is the best answer?
A. GLP-1 receptor agonists
B. Loop diuretics
C. Beta blockers
D. Penicillins
Correct answer:>>A
Rationale:>> GLP-1 receptor agonists can improve glycemic control and
promote weight loss. They are commonly used in patients where weight is a
concern.
15.Which adverse effect is most associated with corticosteroid use?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Infection risk
C. Severe bradycardia
D. Hearing loss
Correct answer:>>B
