Verifed Ace the Text
classical management - ANSWER ✔✔Developed in the early 1900s;
consists of scientific management, administration and organization
management, human resources, and quality management.
scientific management - ANSWER ✔✔"One best way" method, is the
basis for TQM.
Frederick Taylor - ANSWER ✔✔Considered the father of scientific
management. Did time and motion studies and applied engineering
principles to the work done on the factory floor.
,Henry Gantt - ANSWER ✔✔Worked with Taylor. Developed chartig
method to schedule workers across a series of tasks (to complete a
project). Gantt charts are a precursor to today's PERT technique
(program evaluation review technique).
administration and organization management - ANSWER ✔✔How
managers manage and organizations structured.
Max Weber - ANSWER ✔✔Defined bureaucracy as "the ideal or pure
form of organization"
human resource theory - ANSWER ✔✔Managing as people rather
than a resource like money or time.
Hawthorne Studies - ANSWER ✔✔Set of experiments that examined
the effects of workers' physical environment on their productivity.
Showed the importance of the social systems in a work group and the
impact of behavioral factors on productivity.
behavioral science - ANSWER ✔✔Management approached
concerned with increasing productivity by focusing on understanding the
human element in an organization - individuals and groups and how they
can be effectively and efficiently combined in a large organization.
, A.H. Maslow - ANSWER ✔✔Developed Hierarchy of Needs theory -
physiological, safety, love, esteem, self-actualization form a pyramid.
Believed that you coud not climb higher on the pyramid without meeting
the needs of the lower levels.
Theory Y managers - ANSWER ✔✔1. Believed work is as natural as
play and rest; 2. Workers will exercise self-direction and self control to
obtain objectives they are committed to; 3. Commitment to objectives is
tied to the rewards associated with their achievement; 4. Acceptance
and seeking of responsibility can be learned by workers under proper
conditions; 5. Capacity to exercise imagination, ingenuity, and creativity
towards solving organizational problems can be found throughout a
population, not just at the top; and 6. Under the conditions of modern
industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human are only
being partially utilized.
Frederick Herzberg - ANSWER ✔✔Identified two types of needs:
hygiene factors and motivators
management science - ANSWER ✔✔Employs mathematical
techniques to solve problems. Quanitative analysis. Also known as
operations research.
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