NEUROSCIENCE FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A crossbill's ability to eat pine cones is innate while a roof
rat can learn to pine cones. Propose a difference in brain/
neuron structures which might account for these different
mechanisms of generating behavior. - correct answer -
The crossbill bird was demonstrating an innate behavior
which as phenotypes that are genetically programmed for
animal survival.
The Roof rat was demonstrating a learned behavior that
is not genetically modified but rather taught by someone
else. This allows structures of the brain to change and
adapt through the animal's environment due to
neuroplasticity.
A giant spider falls from the ceiling and lands on your
hand. Give an example of a behavior that might be
mediated by these three divisions of the nervous system.
- correct answer - Afferent pathways of the somatic
nervous system: (sensory info coming form the brain)
- causing me to sense and perceive the spider on my
head
Efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system:
,- causing me to be aroused, high blood pressure could
happen and I would respond with the fight or flight
response
Central Nervous System:
(spinal cord would receive information from the motor
neurons from the central nervous system)
- causing me to physically react ( maybe jump up)
addiction - correct answer - -Persons are physically
dependent on a drug in addition to abusing it
-They have developed tolerance for the drug, so an addict
requires increased doses to obtain the desired effect
After NMDA receptors open, Ca2+ enters the postsynaptic
neuron, altering the postsynaptic neuron: - correct
answer - Increased responsiveness of AMPA receptors to
glutamate
Formation of new AMPA receptors
Retrograde messengers that trigger more glutamate
release from presynaptic neuron
,agonist and antagonist - correct answer - -Substance
that ENHANCES the function of a synapse
- Substance that BLOCKS/DECREASES the function of a
synapse
Anions - correct answer - Negatively charged ions
Ex: Chloride (Cl-) , Proteins (A-)
Anterograde amnesia - correct answer - Inability to
remember events subsequent to a disturbance of the
brain
Aristotle proposed the idea of the "psyche", which later
be came known as the the term "Mentalism". briefly
describe what psyche means and then give an example
of an experiment or a piece of evidence that a scientist
would use to counter Aristotle's claims. - correct answer
- Psyche is an entity that is the source of all behavior.
Aristotle believed that the mind was whole and separate
from the body.
, The evidence could be that if a scientist demonstrated
him a person that showed signs of a changed personalty
due to a traumatic brain injury demonstrating that their is
a link between the mind and the body.
Association Cortex - correct answer - Neocortex outside
the primary sensory and motor cortices that functions to
produce cognition
Associative Learning - correct answer - Linkage of two
or more unrelated stimuli to elicit a behavioral response
Barbituates - correct answer - Produce sedation and
sleep (e.g., alcohol)
Can also produce general anesthesia, coma, and death
Benzodiazepines - correct answer - Minor tranquilizers
Antianxiety agents
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) - correct
answer - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
briefly describe what a tropic molecule does in a neuronal
development. - correct answer - tells the growth cones
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A crossbill's ability to eat pine cones is innate while a roof
rat can learn to pine cones. Propose a difference in brain/
neuron structures which might account for these different
mechanisms of generating behavior. - correct answer -
The crossbill bird was demonstrating an innate behavior
which as phenotypes that are genetically programmed for
animal survival.
The Roof rat was demonstrating a learned behavior that
is not genetically modified but rather taught by someone
else. This allows structures of the brain to change and
adapt through the animal's environment due to
neuroplasticity.
A giant spider falls from the ceiling and lands on your
hand. Give an example of a behavior that might be
mediated by these three divisions of the nervous system.
- correct answer - Afferent pathways of the somatic
nervous system: (sensory info coming form the brain)
- causing me to sense and perceive the spider on my
head
Efferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system:
,- causing me to be aroused, high blood pressure could
happen and I would respond with the fight or flight
response
Central Nervous System:
(spinal cord would receive information from the motor
neurons from the central nervous system)
- causing me to physically react ( maybe jump up)
addiction - correct answer - -Persons are physically
dependent on a drug in addition to abusing it
-They have developed tolerance for the drug, so an addict
requires increased doses to obtain the desired effect
After NMDA receptors open, Ca2+ enters the postsynaptic
neuron, altering the postsynaptic neuron: - correct
answer - Increased responsiveness of AMPA receptors to
glutamate
Formation of new AMPA receptors
Retrograde messengers that trigger more glutamate
release from presynaptic neuron
,agonist and antagonist - correct answer - -Substance
that ENHANCES the function of a synapse
- Substance that BLOCKS/DECREASES the function of a
synapse
Anions - correct answer - Negatively charged ions
Ex: Chloride (Cl-) , Proteins (A-)
Anterograde amnesia - correct answer - Inability to
remember events subsequent to a disturbance of the
brain
Aristotle proposed the idea of the "psyche", which later
be came known as the the term "Mentalism". briefly
describe what psyche means and then give an example
of an experiment or a piece of evidence that a scientist
would use to counter Aristotle's claims. - correct answer
- Psyche is an entity that is the source of all behavior.
Aristotle believed that the mind was whole and separate
from the body.
, The evidence could be that if a scientist demonstrated
him a person that showed signs of a changed personalty
due to a traumatic brain injury demonstrating that their is
a link between the mind and the body.
Association Cortex - correct answer - Neocortex outside
the primary sensory and motor cortices that functions to
produce cognition
Associative Learning - correct answer - Linkage of two
or more unrelated stimuli to elicit a behavioral response
Barbituates - correct answer - Produce sedation and
sleep (e.g., alcohol)
Can also produce general anesthesia, coma, and death
Benzodiazepines - correct answer - Minor tranquilizers
Antianxiety agents
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) - correct
answer - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
briefly describe what a tropic molecule does in a neuronal
development. - correct answer - tells the growth cones
