ACS BIOCHEMISTRY Exam | Questions and
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Henderson-Hasselbach Equation pH = pKa + log ([A-] / [HA])
FMOC Chemical Synthesis Used in synthesis of a growing amino acid chain to
a polystyrene bead. FMOC is used as a protecting
group on the N-terminus.
Salting Out (Purification) Changes soluble protein to solid precipitate.
Protein precipitates when the charges on the
protein match the charges in the solution.
Size-Exclusion Chromatography Separates sample based on size with smaller
molecules eluting later.
Ion-Exchange Chromatography Separates sample based on charge. CM attracts +,
DEAE attracts -. May have repulsion effect on like
charges. Salt or acid used to remove stuck
proteins.
Hydrophobic/Reverse Phase Beads are coated with a carbon chain.
Chromatography Hydrophobic proteins stick better. Elute with non-
H-bonding solvent (acetonitrile).
, Affinity Chromatography Attach a ligand that binds a protein to a bead. Elute
with harsh chemicals or similar ligand.
SDS-PAGE Uses SDS. Gel is made from cross-linked
polyacrylamide. Separates based off of mass with
smaller molecules moving faster. Visualized with
Coomassie blue.
SDS Sodium dodecyl sulfate. Unfolds proteins and gives
them uniform negative charge.
Isoelectric Focusing Variation of gel electrophoresis where protein
charge matters. Involves electrodes and pH
gradient. Protein stops at their pI when neutral.
FDNB (1-fluoro-2,3-dinitrobenzene) FDNB reacts with the N-terminus of the protein to
produce a 2,4-dinitrophenol derivative that labels
the first residue. Can repeat hydrolysis to
determine sequential amino acids.
DTT (dithiothreitol) Reduces disulfide bonds.
Iodoacetate Adds carboxymethyl group on free -SH groups.
Blocks disulfide bonding.
Homologs Shares 25% identity with another gene
Orthologs Similar genes in different organisms
Paralogs Similar "paired" genes in the same organism
Answers | Verified Solutions | 2026 Edition | Pass
Guaranteed
Save
Terms in this set (252)
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation pH = pKa + log ([A-] / [HA])
FMOC Chemical Synthesis Used in synthesis of a growing amino acid chain to
a polystyrene bead. FMOC is used as a protecting
group on the N-terminus.
Salting Out (Purification) Changes soluble protein to solid precipitate.
Protein precipitates when the charges on the
protein match the charges in the solution.
Size-Exclusion Chromatography Separates sample based on size with smaller
molecules eluting later.
Ion-Exchange Chromatography Separates sample based on charge. CM attracts +,
DEAE attracts -. May have repulsion effect on like
charges. Salt or acid used to remove stuck
proteins.
Hydrophobic/Reverse Phase Beads are coated with a carbon chain.
Chromatography Hydrophobic proteins stick better. Elute with non-
H-bonding solvent (acetonitrile).
, Affinity Chromatography Attach a ligand that binds a protein to a bead. Elute
with harsh chemicals or similar ligand.
SDS-PAGE Uses SDS. Gel is made from cross-linked
polyacrylamide. Separates based off of mass with
smaller molecules moving faster. Visualized with
Coomassie blue.
SDS Sodium dodecyl sulfate. Unfolds proteins and gives
them uniform negative charge.
Isoelectric Focusing Variation of gel electrophoresis where protein
charge matters. Involves electrodes and pH
gradient. Protein stops at their pI when neutral.
FDNB (1-fluoro-2,3-dinitrobenzene) FDNB reacts with the N-terminus of the protein to
produce a 2,4-dinitrophenol derivative that labels
the first residue. Can repeat hydrolysis to
determine sequential amino acids.
DTT (dithiothreitol) Reduces disulfide bonds.
Iodoacetate Adds carboxymethyl group on free -SH groups.
Blocks disulfide bonding.
Homologs Shares 25% identity with another gene
Orthologs Similar genes in different organisms
Paralogs Similar "paired" genes in the same organism
