KEY POINTS – CHAPTER 1 – BIO110 – PEARSON: -
Biology - Scientific study of life.
The combination of genetics and biochemistry, which is molecular biology, is the best approach
to study biology.
Chemical basis of Biological Inheritance was given by Watson and Crick by proposing DNA.
Evolution - A change over a period of time.
Micro-evolution - evolution below the species level.
Macro-evolution - evolution above the species level.
Systems biology - An approach to simplify complex projects.
Cell - Basic/fundamental unit of life.
Cell Theory - "All living organisms are made up of cells" (i.e., cells are the basic unit of life)
Genome - The 'library' of genetic information which is inherited.
Reductionism - The method of reducing complex systems to simple components that are easier
to study.
Epidermis - The "skin" of a leaf (it is a tissue).
Crystallin - The tightly packed transparent protein in eye lens.
Inductive reasoning - Deriving generalizations from specific observations.
Deductive reasoning - Deriving specific results from general observations.
Hypothesis - An explanation on trial.
Darwin's 2 main proposals - Decent with modification and Natural selection.
Decent with modification - Contemporary species derived from ancestors who differed from
them.
Natural selection - Process of evolutionary adoption OR Change over a period of time leading to
the survival of the fittest.
Genomics - Study of genetic DNA.
Bioinformatics - Using computational tools for large data.
Taxonomy - The naming, identifying and classifying of organisms.
1st law of thermodynamics - Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
2nd law of thermodynamics - Most energy is lost as heat.
Feedback mechanism types - negative and positive feedback mechanisms.
Negative feedback mechanism - Slows the product production.
Positive feedback mechanism - Fastens the product production.
Protobiont - A spherical collection of organic molecules which are surrounded by a membrane
that is believed to be the precursors of prokaryotic cells.
Central Dogma of Life - proposed by Crick.
3 Domains of life - Archaea, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
EXTRA -
Biology - Scientific study of life.
The combination of genetics and biochemistry, which is molecular biology, is the best approach
to study biology.
Chemical basis of Biological Inheritance was given by Watson and Crick by proposing DNA.
Evolution - A change over a period of time.
Micro-evolution - evolution below the species level.
Macro-evolution - evolution above the species level.
Systems biology - An approach to simplify complex projects.
Cell - Basic/fundamental unit of life.
Cell Theory - "All living organisms are made up of cells" (i.e., cells are the basic unit of life)
Genome - The 'library' of genetic information which is inherited.
Reductionism - The method of reducing complex systems to simple components that are easier
to study.
Epidermis - The "skin" of a leaf (it is a tissue).
Crystallin - The tightly packed transparent protein in eye lens.
Inductive reasoning - Deriving generalizations from specific observations.
Deductive reasoning - Deriving specific results from general observations.
Hypothesis - An explanation on trial.
Darwin's 2 main proposals - Decent with modification and Natural selection.
Decent with modification - Contemporary species derived from ancestors who differed from
them.
Natural selection - Process of evolutionary adoption OR Change over a period of time leading to
the survival of the fittest.
Genomics - Study of genetic DNA.
Bioinformatics - Using computational tools for large data.
Taxonomy - The naming, identifying and classifying of organisms.
1st law of thermodynamics - Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
2nd law of thermodynamics - Most energy is lost as heat.
Feedback mechanism types - negative and positive feedback mechanisms.
Negative feedback mechanism - Slows the product production.
Positive feedback mechanism - Fastens the product production.
Protobiont - A spherical collection of organic molecules which are surrounded by a membrane
that is believed to be the precursors of prokaryotic cells.
Central Dogma of Life - proposed by Crick.
3 Domains of life - Archaea, Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
EXTRA -
