CPN; Immunizations and Infectious Diseases Prerequisite
pretest Exam training Questions with Rated A + solution
Latest 2026/2027
Which of the following common genetic syndromes involves dilation of the aortic root
and possible development of aortic aneurysms?
A. Trisomy 21.
B. Trisomy 18.
C. Fragile X.
D. Marfan's syndrome. - correct answer d: Patients with Marfan syndrome have a
disorder of connective tissue and can develop dilation of the aortic root. Marfan's
syndrome is characterized by tall stature and longs limbs and digits. Patients may need
treatment with beta blockers or even synthetic grafting repair if an aneurysm develops.
Which lab test measures the new production of red blood cells by the body in response
to any blood loss?
A. Ferritin level.
B. Mean corpuscular volume.
C. Total iron binding capacity.
D. Reticulocyte count. - correct answer d: The reticulocyte count is a measure of the
production of new red blood cells by the body. Reticulocytes are immature red blood
cells. When red blood cell production increases to offset blood loss, more reticulocytes
are released into the circulation. An insufficient level may indicate a problem with the
red blood cell producing elements of the body.
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is used in the treatment of active bleeding or to reverse the
effects of warfarin. Which of the following clotting factors does FFP NOT contain?
A. Factor IX.
B. Platelets.
C. Factor V.
D. Factor VII. - correct answer b: FFP contains all of the clotting factors (V, VII, and IX)
except for platelets. FFP can be used in the treatment of disseminated intravascular
coagulation (DIC) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), disorders that cause
excessive bleeding.
,A 13-year-old male has had nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and headaches for the past 6
Months. He uses an OTC nasal spray that alleviates the symptoms but has prompt
recurrence. Once the spray wears off. What is his likely diagnosis?
A. Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES).
B. Rhinitis medicamentosa.
C. Vasomotor rhinitis.
D. Nasal polyps. - correct answer b: Rhinitis medicamentosa is rebound rhinitis caused
from the prolonged use (usually about a week) of nasal vasoconstrictors.
Discontinuation of the offending OTC medication is necessary to reduce symptoms.
Many systemic diseases have skin manifestations that accompany the disorder.
Erythema Migrans is an annular rash with a target lesion and a clear or necrotic center.
It is often. Accompanied by fever, headache, and myalgias. What is the systemic
disease associated with Erythema migrans?
A. Tuberculosis.
B. Syphilis.
C. Lyme disease.
D. HIV - correct answer c: Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi, which is inoculated by a bite from a deer tick. About 80% of people with
early Lyme disease develop erythema migrans ("bulls'-eye rash") within 1 to 30 days
after infection.
Infectious bacteria can be classified based by their morphology as cocci, bacilli, and
Spirochetes. Which of the following pediatric diseases is NOT caused by a spirochete?
A. Lyme disease.
B. Syphilis.
C. Yaws.
D. Gonorrhea. - correct answer d: Gonorrhea is caused by a cocci bacterium. Lyme
disease, syphilis, and yaws are all caused by spirochetes. Syphilis and yaws are
caused by Treponema while Lyme disease is caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi
spirochete.
, Infectious protozoa are eukaryotic organisms that can cause gastrointestinal diseases,
Especially in developing countries, where travelers may become infected. Which of the
Following organisms is a protozoan?
A. Giardia lamblia.
B. Salmonella typhi.
C. Escherichia coli (E. Coli).
D. Vibrio cholera. - correct answer a: Giardia lamblia is a protozoan that causes
infectious gastroenteritis in those who drink contaminated water or touch contaminated
hands to the mouth. Salmonella typhi, E. Coli, and Vibrio cholera are bacteria.
Estimation of gestational age may be done in many ways. Nagele's rule is the most
accurate and involves calculations using which parameter?
A. Mother's last menstrual period.
B. Fundal height.
C. Crown-rump length (CRL) on ultrasound.
D. Estimated weight on ultrasound. - correct answer a: Nagele's rule uses the mother's
LMP and is the most accurate determination of gestational age. It is represented as
estimated date of confinement (EDC) = 280 days + 7 days from LMP.
What is the normal baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) in a term fetus?
A. 120 to 160 bpm.
B. 80 to 100 bpm.
C. 100 to 120 bpm.
D. 160 to 190 bpm. - correct answer a: The normal term FHR is 120 to 160 beats per
minute. Some variation is normal but a change that persists for more than 15 minutes is
significant. Mild bradycardia is 100 to 120 bpm and severe bradycardia is <90 bpm.
Body mass index (BMI) is a valuable tool of measure healthy weight and a good
predictor of Future morbidity and mortality. It can be used to classify underweight,
overweight, and obese Status. What is the formula to calculate BMI using weight in
kilograms and height in meters?
pretest Exam training Questions with Rated A + solution
Latest 2026/2027
Which of the following common genetic syndromes involves dilation of the aortic root
and possible development of aortic aneurysms?
A. Trisomy 21.
B. Trisomy 18.
C. Fragile X.
D. Marfan's syndrome. - correct answer d: Patients with Marfan syndrome have a
disorder of connective tissue and can develop dilation of the aortic root. Marfan's
syndrome is characterized by tall stature and longs limbs and digits. Patients may need
treatment with beta blockers or even synthetic grafting repair if an aneurysm develops.
Which lab test measures the new production of red blood cells by the body in response
to any blood loss?
A. Ferritin level.
B. Mean corpuscular volume.
C. Total iron binding capacity.
D. Reticulocyte count. - correct answer d: The reticulocyte count is a measure of the
production of new red blood cells by the body. Reticulocytes are immature red blood
cells. When red blood cell production increases to offset blood loss, more reticulocytes
are released into the circulation. An insufficient level may indicate a problem with the
red blood cell producing elements of the body.
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is used in the treatment of active bleeding or to reverse the
effects of warfarin. Which of the following clotting factors does FFP NOT contain?
A. Factor IX.
B. Platelets.
C. Factor V.
D. Factor VII. - correct answer b: FFP contains all of the clotting factors (V, VII, and IX)
except for platelets. FFP can be used in the treatment of disseminated intravascular
coagulation (DIC) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), disorders that cause
excessive bleeding.
,A 13-year-old male has had nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and headaches for the past 6
Months. He uses an OTC nasal spray that alleviates the symptoms but has prompt
recurrence. Once the spray wears off. What is his likely diagnosis?
A. Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES).
B. Rhinitis medicamentosa.
C. Vasomotor rhinitis.
D. Nasal polyps. - correct answer b: Rhinitis medicamentosa is rebound rhinitis caused
from the prolonged use (usually about a week) of nasal vasoconstrictors.
Discontinuation of the offending OTC medication is necessary to reduce symptoms.
Many systemic diseases have skin manifestations that accompany the disorder.
Erythema Migrans is an annular rash with a target lesion and a clear or necrotic center.
It is often. Accompanied by fever, headache, and myalgias. What is the systemic
disease associated with Erythema migrans?
A. Tuberculosis.
B. Syphilis.
C. Lyme disease.
D. HIV - correct answer c: Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi, which is inoculated by a bite from a deer tick. About 80% of people with
early Lyme disease develop erythema migrans ("bulls'-eye rash") within 1 to 30 days
after infection.
Infectious bacteria can be classified based by their morphology as cocci, bacilli, and
Spirochetes. Which of the following pediatric diseases is NOT caused by a spirochete?
A. Lyme disease.
B. Syphilis.
C. Yaws.
D. Gonorrhea. - correct answer d: Gonorrhea is caused by a cocci bacterium. Lyme
disease, syphilis, and yaws are all caused by spirochetes. Syphilis and yaws are
caused by Treponema while Lyme disease is caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi
spirochete.
, Infectious protozoa are eukaryotic organisms that can cause gastrointestinal diseases,
Especially in developing countries, where travelers may become infected. Which of the
Following organisms is a protozoan?
A. Giardia lamblia.
B. Salmonella typhi.
C. Escherichia coli (E. Coli).
D. Vibrio cholera. - correct answer a: Giardia lamblia is a protozoan that causes
infectious gastroenteritis in those who drink contaminated water or touch contaminated
hands to the mouth. Salmonella typhi, E. Coli, and Vibrio cholera are bacteria.
Estimation of gestational age may be done in many ways. Nagele's rule is the most
accurate and involves calculations using which parameter?
A. Mother's last menstrual period.
B. Fundal height.
C. Crown-rump length (CRL) on ultrasound.
D. Estimated weight on ultrasound. - correct answer a: Nagele's rule uses the mother's
LMP and is the most accurate determination of gestational age. It is represented as
estimated date of confinement (EDC) = 280 days + 7 days from LMP.
What is the normal baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) in a term fetus?
A. 120 to 160 bpm.
B. 80 to 100 bpm.
C. 100 to 120 bpm.
D. 160 to 190 bpm. - correct answer a: The normal term FHR is 120 to 160 beats per
minute. Some variation is normal but a change that persists for more than 15 minutes is
significant. Mild bradycardia is 100 to 120 bpm and severe bradycardia is <90 bpm.
Body mass index (BMI) is a valuable tool of measure healthy weight and a good
predictor of Future morbidity and mortality. It can be used to classify underweight,
overweight, and obese Status. What is the formula to calculate BMI using weight in
kilograms and height in meters?
