ANSC 3270 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
1) Bacteria in the gut converse with?
| | | | | |
2) What do gut microbiota influence?
| | | | |
3) How do gut microbiota influence the immune system? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1) the brain | |
-gut microbiota are stimulated by the vagus nerve to cause immune
| | | | | | | | | | |
signalling, which stimulates brain development
| | | |
2) -immune system, metabolism, behaviour, and disease
| | | | | |
3) -immune development
| |
-germ-free animals |
1) How do gut microbiota influence behaviour?
| | | | | |
2) How do gut microbiota influence metabolism?
| | | | | |
3) How do gut microbiota influence disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1)
| | | | | | | | |
-interact with enteric nervous system
| | | | |
-depression, anxiety, autism | |
2) -nutrients, obesity, appetite
| | |
3) -acute illness, chronic disease
| | | |
,1) Gut microbiota are complex?
| | | |
2) Describe germ-free physiological characteristics compared to
| | | | | | |
conventional animals |
3) Describe germ-free gut physiological characteristics compared to
| | | | | | | |
conventional animals* - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) cellular communities | | | | | |
2) -lower BMR
| |
-no bile acid hydrolysis
| | |
-less peripheral blood ammonia concentration
| | | |
-less portal blood concentration
| | |
-less cardiac output
| |
3) -40-60% ileac-cecal lymph nodes compared to CAs
| | | | | | |
-85% laminar propria area compared to CAs
| | | | | |
-550% cecum wet weight compared to CAs
| | | | | |
1) In host microbial response pathways, there is activation of?
| | | | | | | | |
2) There is constant communication between the gut flora and?
| | | | | | | | |
3) On a typical day, the innate immune system of the GIT will process
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
more immunological information than? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1)
| | | | | | |
specific immunity in Peyer's patches
| | | |
2) the immune system
| | |
3) the rest of the body in its entire lifetime
| | | | | | | | |
,1) What are the benefits of enteric bacteria to the host?
| | | | | | | | | |
2) Numerous microbial pathways affect?
| | | |
3) What are the costs of enteric bacteria to the host? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1) -degrade dietary nutrients, some of which cannot be | | | | | | | | |
digested enzymatically (fiber, phytate; more in hindgut than foregut)
| | | | | | | |
-synthesis of nutrients, some are critical to nutrition of (epithelial) cells:
| | | | | | | | | | |
b vitamins, SCFAs (especially butyric acid)
| | | | |
-protect against invasion of harmful (pathogenic) microbes (competitive
| | | | | | | |
exclusion)
-stimulate gut immune system of animals (gut is largest immune
| | | | | | | | |
'organ')-increase resistance to other harmful bacteria (pathogens) or
| | | | | | | | |
cause disease
|
2) -barrier function, digestion, and absorption
| | | | |
3) -pathogenic effects (toxin effects, excessive-stimulation of immune
| | | | | | | |
system)
-microbes compete with host for nutrients
| | | | |
-presence of microbes increase gut size (mucosal thickness) which
| | | | | | | | |
increases 'maintenance' nutrient needs of gut
| | | | |
-toxic catabolites
|
1) What are toxic catabolites enteric bacteria can produce?
| | | | | | | |
2) Enteric infections result in the greatest contribution to?
| | | | | | | |
3) The anatomic structure and cellular composition of the intestine have
| | | | | | | | | |
evolved in response to? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) -ammonia
| | | | | | | |
, -amines (histamine) |
-indoles (skatole) |
-hydrogen sulfide |
-phenols (p-cresol) |
-secondary bile acids | |
2) feed independent depression of growth
| | | | |
3) the antigenic and metabolic pressure exerted by the normal
| | | | | | | | | |
microbiota
1) The host intestine exists in a precarious state of?
| | | | | | | | |
2) The mucus layer serves as the primary?
| | | | | | |
3) Studies with germ free animals indicate that the high rate of intestinal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
epithelial cell turnover and secretory activity is a?* - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1) physiological inflammation, likely triggered by bacteria | | | | | | |
catabolites
2) medium for interactions between the host and its resident microbiota
| | | | | | | | | |
3) host defensive response to the persistent microbial load experienced
| | | | | | | | | |
by a conventional animal
| | |
1) Diet formulation is a?
| | | |
2) Diet formulation is driven by the need to?
| | | | | | | |
3) What are the sources of endogenous secretions in the gut?* -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) precise science | | |
Correct Answers
1) Bacteria in the gut converse with?
| | | | | |
2) What do gut microbiota influence?
| | | | |
3) How do gut microbiota influence the immune system? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1) the brain | |
-gut microbiota are stimulated by the vagus nerve to cause immune
| | | | | | | | | | |
signalling, which stimulates brain development
| | | |
2) -immune system, metabolism, behaviour, and disease
| | | | | |
3) -immune development
| |
-germ-free animals |
1) How do gut microbiota influence behaviour?
| | | | | |
2) How do gut microbiota influence metabolism?
| | | | | |
3) How do gut microbiota influence disease? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1)
| | | | | | | | |
-interact with enteric nervous system
| | | | |
-depression, anxiety, autism | |
2) -nutrients, obesity, appetite
| | |
3) -acute illness, chronic disease
| | | |
,1) Gut microbiota are complex?
| | | |
2) Describe germ-free physiological characteristics compared to
| | | | | | |
conventional animals |
3) Describe germ-free gut physiological characteristics compared to
| | | | | | | |
conventional animals* - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) cellular communities | | | | | |
2) -lower BMR
| |
-no bile acid hydrolysis
| | |
-less peripheral blood ammonia concentration
| | | |
-less portal blood concentration
| | |
-less cardiac output
| |
3) -40-60% ileac-cecal lymph nodes compared to CAs
| | | | | | |
-85% laminar propria area compared to CAs
| | | | | |
-550% cecum wet weight compared to CAs
| | | | | |
1) In host microbial response pathways, there is activation of?
| | | | | | | | |
2) There is constant communication between the gut flora and?
| | | | | | | | |
3) On a typical day, the innate immune system of the GIT will process
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
more immunological information than? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1)
| | | | | | |
specific immunity in Peyer's patches
| | | |
2) the immune system
| | |
3) the rest of the body in its entire lifetime
| | | | | | | | |
,1) What are the benefits of enteric bacteria to the host?
| | | | | | | | | |
2) Numerous microbial pathways affect?
| | | |
3) What are the costs of enteric bacteria to the host? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1) -degrade dietary nutrients, some of which cannot be | | | | | | | | |
digested enzymatically (fiber, phytate; more in hindgut than foregut)
| | | | | | | |
-synthesis of nutrients, some are critical to nutrition of (epithelial) cells:
| | | | | | | | | | |
b vitamins, SCFAs (especially butyric acid)
| | | | |
-protect against invasion of harmful (pathogenic) microbes (competitive
| | | | | | | |
exclusion)
-stimulate gut immune system of animals (gut is largest immune
| | | | | | | | |
'organ')-increase resistance to other harmful bacteria (pathogens) or
| | | | | | | | |
cause disease
|
2) -barrier function, digestion, and absorption
| | | | |
3) -pathogenic effects (toxin effects, excessive-stimulation of immune
| | | | | | | |
system)
-microbes compete with host for nutrients
| | | | |
-presence of microbes increase gut size (mucosal thickness) which
| | | | | | | | |
increases 'maintenance' nutrient needs of gut
| | | | |
-toxic catabolites
|
1) What are toxic catabolites enteric bacteria can produce?
| | | | | | | |
2) Enteric infections result in the greatest contribution to?
| | | | | | | |
3) The anatomic structure and cellular composition of the intestine have
| | | | | | | | | |
evolved in response to? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) -ammonia
| | | | | | | |
, -amines (histamine) |
-indoles (skatole) |
-hydrogen sulfide |
-phenols (p-cresol) |
-secondary bile acids | |
2) feed independent depression of growth
| | | | |
3) the antigenic and metabolic pressure exerted by the normal
| | | | | | | | | |
microbiota
1) The host intestine exists in a precarious state of?
| | | | | | | | |
2) The mucus layer serves as the primary?
| | | | | | |
3) Studies with germ free animals indicate that the high rate of intestinal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
epithelial cell turnover and secretory activity is a?* - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-1) physiological inflammation, likely triggered by bacteria | | | | | | |
catabolites
2) medium for interactions between the host and its resident microbiota
| | | | | | | | | |
3) host defensive response to the persistent microbial load experienced
| | | | | | | | | |
by a conventional animal
| | |
1) Diet formulation is a?
| | | |
2) Diet formulation is driven by the need to?
| | | | | | | |
3) What are the sources of endogenous secretions in the gut?* -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) precise science | | |
