NBCOT EXAM PREP - OVERVIEW 3.0
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ALREADY
PASSED!!!
Term: Athetosis
Answer: ✔✔ A neurological condition marked by continuous, slow, involuntary
writhing or twisting movements. It frequently presents in individuals with athetoid
cerebral palsy, commonly disrupting purposeful hand functions and clear speech
coordination.
Term: Choreoathetosis
Answer: ✔✔ A movement disorder characterized by a simultaneous combination
of chorea (rapid, erratic, dancing muscle contractions) and athetosis (slow, sinuous
writhing). It stems from basal ganglia dysfunction caused by a variety of
neurological diseases or pharmacological side effects.
Term: Confrontation Testing
Answer: ✔✔ A preliminary, non-instrumental clinical assessment used to map a
patient's peripheral visual fields. The medical provider and the patient look directly
into each other’s eyes while the examiner introduces small targets from the upper,
lower, and side outer boundaries to detect major blind spots.
Term: Tonic-Clonic Seizures
Answer: ✔✔ A major generalized convulsion involving an immediate loss of
consciousness. The episode begins with a "tonic" phase where the skeletal muscles
lock into rigid contraction, followed by a "clonic" phase characterized by rhythmic,
violent muscle jerking; these typically last 1 to 3 minutes and require an extended
post-ictal recovery period.
Term: Myoclonic Seizures
Answer: ✔✔ Sudden, brief, shock-like contractions of an isolated muscle or
localized muscle group. Unlike generalized convulsions, individuals experiencing
these rapid jerks typically retain full consciousness and awareness during the
episode.
,Term: Absence Seizures
Answer: ✔✔ A non-convulsive generalized seizure characterized by brief staring
spells and a sudden, temporary lapse in consciousness. Typically lasting less than
15 seconds, these episodes are caused by brief, abnormal electrical discharges in
the brain and are frequently mistaken for simple
• akinetic seizures -ANSWER ✔✔are a type of seizure that consist of a brief lapse
in muscle tone that are caused by temporary alterations in brain function. The
seizures are brief - usually less than fifteen seconds.
o Apraxia -ANSWER ✔✔inability to perform particular purposive actions, as a
result of brain damage.
o Ataxia -ANSWER ✔✔the loss of full control of bodily movements.
o Dysphasia -ANSWER ✔✔difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, as a symptom
of disease.
o Dysarthria -ANSWER ✔✔difficult or unclear articulation of speech that is
otherwise linguistically normal.
o Sequencing -ANSWER ✔✔arrange in a particular order.
o Dyscalculia -ANSWER ✔✔severe difficulty in making arithmetical calculations,
as a result of brain disorder.
o Alexia -ANSWER ✔✔the inability to see words or to read, caused by a defect of
the brain.
,o Dysgraphia -ANSWER ✔✔inability to write coherently, as a symptom of brain
disease or damage.
o Spactial dyscalculia -ANSWER ✔✔Impaired arithmetical problem-solving due
to difficulties handling the two-dimensional or spatial arrangement of the numbers,
especially when multi-digit figures are involved.
o Dyslexia -ANSWER ✔✔a specific learning disability that is neurobiological in
origin. It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word
recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities.
o Aphasia -ANSWER ✔✔loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused
by brain damage.
o Paresis -ANSWER ✔✔a condition of muscular weakness caused by nerve
damage or disease; partial paralysis.
o Hemiplegia -ANSWER ✔✔paralysis of one side of the body.
For a client with C5 spinal cord injury (SCI) in the acute phase of rehabilitation,
what is the BEST position to place the client's forearms in?
A. Pronation
B. Supination
C. Flexion
D. Extension -ANSWER ✔✔A
, The forearm should be pronated because clients with C5 SCI are prone to
contractures in their supinators because of their inability to pronate actively.
A COTA® in an acute care setting is working on a dressing program with a
client with spinal cord injury. What statement by the COTA is appropriate to
facilitate positive coping for the client?
A. "I have selected these clothes for you today."
B. "Would you like to wear the blue or the red shirt?"
C. "What clothes do you want to wear today?"
D. "You should wear these clothes today." -ANSWER ✔✔C
To promote positive psychosocial adaptation, clients with spinal cord injury should
be allowed opportunities to participate in decision making and to guide care tasks
that require assistance.
A COTA® who has been certified to use physical agent modalities is treating a
client in an outpatient clinic. The client is experiencing pain and swelling in the
radial wrist extensor muscles. Treatment includes use of phonophoresis using
hydrocortisone. For safe treatment of this client, what information is MOST
important to be aware of?
A. Length of time pain and swelling have been present
B. Prior surgeries of the client
C. Activities that aggravate the pain and swelling
D. Medications and medication allergies of the client -ANSWER ✔✔D
Before applying any medication using phonophoresis, the COTA® needs to be
aware of the client's current medications and any medication allergies.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ALREADY
PASSED!!!
Term: Athetosis
Answer: ✔✔ A neurological condition marked by continuous, slow, involuntary
writhing or twisting movements. It frequently presents in individuals with athetoid
cerebral palsy, commonly disrupting purposeful hand functions and clear speech
coordination.
Term: Choreoathetosis
Answer: ✔✔ A movement disorder characterized by a simultaneous combination
of chorea (rapid, erratic, dancing muscle contractions) and athetosis (slow, sinuous
writhing). It stems from basal ganglia dysfunction caused by a variety of
neurological diseases or pharmacological side effects.
Term: Confrontation Testing
Answer: ✔✔ A preliminary, non-instrumental clinical assessment used to map a
patient's peripheral visual fields. The medical provider and the patient look directly
into each other’s eyes while the examiner introduces small targets from the upper,
lower, and side outer boundaries to detect major blind spots.
Term: Tonic-Clonic Seizures
Answer: ✔✔ A major generalized convulsion involving an immediate loss of
consciousness. The episode begins with a "tonic" phase where the skeletal muscles
lock into rigid contraction, followed by a "clonic" phase characterized by rhythmic,
violent muscle jerking; these typically last 1 to 3 minutes and require an extended
post-ictal recovery period.
Term: Myoclonic Seizures
Answer: ✔✔ Sudden, brief, shock-like contractions of an isolated muscle or
localized muscle group. Unlike generalized convulsions, individuals experiencing
these rapid jerks typically retain full consciousness and awareness during the
episode.
,Term: Absence Seizures
Answer: ✔✔ A non-convulsive generalized seizure characterized by brief staring
spells and a sudden, temporary lapse in consciousness. Typically lasting less than
15 seconds, these episodes are caused by brief, abnormal electrical discharges in
the brain and are frequently mistaken for simple
• akinetic seizures -ANSWER ✔✔are a type of seizure that consist of a brief lapse
in muscle tone that are caused by temporary alterations in brain function. The
seizures are brief - usually less than fifteen seconds.
o Apraxia -ANSWER ✔✔inability to perform particular purposive actions, as a
result of brain damage.
o Ataxia -ANSWER ✔✔the loss of full control of bodily movements.
o Dysphasia -ANSWER ✔✔difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, as a symptom
of disease.
o Dysarthria -ANSWER ✔✔difficult or unclear articulation of speech that is
otherwise linguistically normal.
o Sequencing -ANSWER ✔✔arrange in a particular order.
o Dyscalculia -ANSWER ✔✔severe difficulty in making arithmetical calculations,
as a result of brain disorder.
o Alexia -ANSWER ✔✔the inability to see words or to read, caused by a defect of
the brain.
,o Dysgraphia -ANSWER ✔✔inability to write coherently, as a symptom of brain
disease or damage.
o Spactial dyscalculia -ANSWER ✔✔Impaired arithmetical problem-solving due
to difficulties handling the two-dimensional or spatial arrangement of the numbers,
especially when multi-digit figures are involved.
o Dyslexia -ANSWER ✔✔a specific learning disability that is neurobiological in
origin. It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word
recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities.
o Aphasia -ANSWER ✔✔loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused
by brain damage.
o Paresis -ANSWER ✔✔a condition of muscular weakness caused by nerve
damage or disease; partial paralysis.
o Hemiplegia -ANSWER ✔✔paralysis of one side of the body.
For a client with C5 spinal cord injury (SCI) in the acute phase of rehabilitation,
what is the BEST position to place the client's forearms in?
A. Pronation
B. Supination
C. Flexion
D. Extension -ANSWER ✔✔A
, The forearm should be pronated because clients with C5 SCI are prone to
contractures in their supinators because of their inability to pronate actively.
A COTA® in an acute care setting is working on a dressing program with a
client with spinal cord injury. What statement by the COTA is appropriate to
facilitate positive coping for the client?
A. "I have selected these clothes for you today."
B. "Would you like to wear the blue or the red shirt?"
C. "What clothes do you want to wear today?"
D. "You should wear these clothes today." -ANSWER ✔✔C
To promote positive psychosocial adaptation, clients with spinal cord injury should
be allowed opportunities to participate in decision making and to guide care tasks
that require assistance.
A COTA® who has been certified to use physical agent modalities is treating a
client in an outpatient clinic. The client is experiencing pain and swelling in the
radial wrist extensor muscles. Treatment includes use of phonophoresis using
hydrocortisone. For safe treatment of this client, what information is MOST
important to be aware of?
A. Length of time pain and swelling have been present
B. Prior surgeries of the client
C. Activities that aggravate the pain and swelling
D. Medications and medication allergies of the client -ANSWER ✔✔D
Before applying any medication using phonophoresis, the COTA® needs to be
aware of the client's current medications and any medication allergies.
