Patho Exam #3 - Porth's Test Bank PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST AND COMPREHENSIVE VERSION WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS WITH INSTANT
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Which of the following statements best describes an aspect of the normal process
of glucose metabolism?
A) Blood glucose levels are primarily a result of the timing, quantity, and character
of food intake.
B) Ingested glucose that is not needed for cellular metabolism circulates in the
blood until it is taken up to meet cellular needs.
C) Blood glucose levels are kept in a steady state by selective excretion and re-
uptake by the kidneys.
D) Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
D) Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
A 30-year-old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the multiple
effects that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the following physiological
processes are actions of insulin? Select all that apply.
A) Increasing the metabolic needs of body cells
B) Promoting the breakdown of stored triglycerides
C) Facilitating triglyceride synthesis from glucose in fat cells
D) Inhibiting protein breakdown
E) Promoting glucose uptake by target cells
C) Facilitating triglyceride synthesis from glucose in fat cells
D) Inhibiting protein breakdown
E) Promoting glucose uptake by target cells
While reviewing the role of glucagon in regard to regulation of blood glucose, the
nurse knows which of the following situations could lead to an inhibition of
glucagon release?
A) A sharp decrease in blood glucose concentration
B) Recent strenuous physical activity
C) Recent intake of large amounts of protein-rich food.
D) An increase in glucose levels.
D) An increase in glucose levels.
,A 3-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes. Her parents are
currently receiving education from the diabetes education nurse. How can the
nurse best explain to the parents the etiology (cause) of their daughter's diabetes?
A) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the
cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
B) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making
insulin, and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
C) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely something
that she inherited."
D) "Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact that her
pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
A) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the
cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
A 40-year-old man who is morbidly obese and leads a sedentary lifestyle has
recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following aspects of
the man's obesity likely contributed to his new health problem?
A) The low metabolic needs of adipose tissue mimic a hypoglycemic state and
suppress insulin secretion.
B) Free fatty acids contribute to problems such as beta cell dysfunction and insulin
resistance.
C) Fat tissue initiates glycogenolysis and reliance on glycogen release rather than
metabolism of free glucose.
D) Triglyceride deposits in the pancreas result in damage to beta cells.
B) Free fatty acids contribute to problems such as beta cell dysfunction and insulin
resistance.
Following an oral glucose tolerance, a 36-year-old mother of four has been
diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a problem that was not
present in any of her previous pregnancies. What should her primary care provider
tell her about this new health problem?
A) "This diabetes is unlikely to persist after you give birth, but the main risk is that
your baby will likely be born with diabetes."
B) "Your baby could become too large or have low blood sugars if we're not
vigilant about controlling your sugars."
C) "We'll monitor this closely and begin insulin therapy as soon as possible."
,D) "This is likely a result of your liver releasing too much fat, rather than your
pancreas not secreting insulin."
B) "Your baby could become too large or have low blood sugars if we're not
vigilant about controlling your sugars."
A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered a hemoglobin A1C
test for the first time by her primary care provider. The woman states, "I don't see
why you want to test my blood cells when its sugar that's the problem." What
aspect of physiology will underlie the care provider's response to the client?
A) The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
levels over the life of the cell.
B) Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate to blood
glucose levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C) The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free glucose indicate
the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D) Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and high
glucose suggests low insulin levels.
A) The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
levels over the life of the cell.
A 46-year-old man who is obese has received news that he has type 2 diabetes. He
is in the process of determining a plan of care with an interdisciplinary team at a
hospital-based diabetes clinic. The nurse knows that the most likely treatment plan
for the man will include
A) injectable insulin and nutrition management.
B) weight loss, glucose monitoring, and lifestyle modification.
C) continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and nutrition management.
D) oral antihyperglycemic medications and weight loss measures.
B) weight loss, glucose monitoring, and lifestyle modification.
During a lecture about medication therapy for type 2 diabetic patients, the
pharmacology instructor discusses side effects to monitor following subcutaneous
injection of exenatide (Byetta), a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist. Of the
following list, which signs and symptoms should the students be assessing in this
patient? Select all that apply.
A) Nausea
B) Weight loss
, C) Dizziness
D) Tachycardia
E) Dehydration
A) Nausea
B) Weight loss
When educating a patient about glargine (Lantus), the nurse should explain that
this medication
A) has a rapid onset and peaks in about 5 minutes after injection, so he will need to
eat food immediately after injection.
B) will have a peak effect within 30 minutes, so it can be taken after a meal.
C) is a combination with short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin, so it is safe
to take anytime throughout the day.
D) has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a relatively constant concentration
for 12 to 24 hours.
D) has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a relatively constant concentration
for 12 to 24 hours.
A woman with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes has been admitted to a hospital
unit for the treatment of ketoacidosis. Place the following events in the
pathophysiology of ketoacidosis in the correct chronological order. Use all the
options.
A) Decrease in pH
B) Breakdown of triglycerides
C) Low serum insulin levels
D) Ketone production by the liver
E) Production of fatty acids and glycerol
C) Low serum insulin levels
B) Breakdown of triglycerides
E) Production of fatty acids and glycerol
ANSWERS LATEST AND COMPREHENSIVE VERSION WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS WITH INSTANT
PDF DOWNLOAD
Which of the following statements best describes an aspect of the normal process
of glucose metabolism?
A) Blood glucose levels are primarily a result of the timing, quantity, and character
of food intake.
B) Ingested glucose that is not needed for cellular metabolism circulates in the
blood until it is taken up to meet cellular needs.
C) Blood glucose levels are kept in a steady state by selective excretion and re-
uptake by the kidneys.
D) Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
D) Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
A 30-year-old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the multiple
effects that insulin has on his metabolism. Which of the following physiological
processes are actions of insulin? Select all that apply.
A) Increasing the metabolic needs of body cells
B) Promoting the breakdown of stored triglycerides
C) Facilitating triglyceride synthesis from glucose in fat cells
D) Inhibiting protein breakdown
E) Promoting glucose uptake by target cells
C) Facilitating triglyceride synthesis from glucose in fat cells
D) Inhibiting protein breakdown
E) Promoting glucose uptake by target cells
While reviewing the role of glucagon in regard to regulation of blood glucose, the
nurse knows which of the following situations could lead to an inhibition of
glucagon release?
A) A sharp decrease in blood glucose concentration
B) Recent strenuous physical activity
C) Recent intake of large amounts of protein-rich food.
D) An increase in glucose levels.
D) An increase in glucose levels.
,A 3-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes. Her parents are
currently receiving education from the diabetes education nurse. How can the
nurse best explain to the parents the etiology (cause) of their daughter's diabetes?
A) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the
cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
B) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making
insulin, and treatment will consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
C) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely something
that she inherited."
D) "Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact that her
pancreas secretes and withholds insulin at the wrong times."
A) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the
cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
A 40-year-old man who is morbidly obese and leads a sedentary lifestyle has
recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following aspects of
the man's obesity likely contributed to his new health problem?
A) The low metabolic needs of adipose tissue mimic a hypoglycemic state and
suppress insulin secretion.
B) Free fatty acids contribute to problems such as beta cell dysfunction and insulin
resistance.
C) Fat tissue initiates glycogenolysis and reliance on glycogen release rather than
metabolism of free glucose.
D) Triglyceride deposits in the pancreas result in damage to beta cells.
B) Free fatty acids contribute to problems such as beta cell dysfunction and insulin
resistance.
Following an oral glucose tolerance, a 36-year-old mother of four has been
diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a problem that was not
present in any of her previous pregnancies. What should her primary care provider
tell her about this new health problem?
A) "This diabetes is unlikely to persist after you give birth, but the main risk is that
your baby will likely be born with diabetes."
B) "Your baby could become too large or have low blood sugars if we're not
vigilant about controlling your sugars."
C) "We'll monitor this closely and begin insulin therapy as soon as possible."
,D) "This is likely a result of your liver releasing too much fat, rather than your
pancreas not secreting insulin."
B) "Your baby could become too large or have low blood sugars if we're not
vigilant about controlling your sugars."
A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered a hemoglobin A1C
test for the first time by her primary care provider. The woman states, "I don't see
why you want to test my blood cells when its sugar that's the problem." What
aspect of physiology will underlie the care provider's response to the client?
A) The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
levels over the life of the cell.
B) Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate to blood
glucose levels, with low A1C indicating hyperglycemia.
C) The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free glucose indicate
the amount of glucose that has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
D) Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and high
glucose suggests low insulin levels.
A) The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
levels over the life of the cell.
A 46-year-old man who is obese has received news that he has type 2 diabetes. He
is in the process of determining a plan of care with an interdisciplinary team at a
hospital-based diabetes clinic. The nurse knows that the most likely treatment plan
for the man will include
A) injectable insulin and nutrition management.
B) weight loss, glucose monitoring, and lifestyle modification.
C) continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and nutrition management.
D) oral antihyperglycemic medications and weight loss measures.
B) weight loss, glucose monitoring, and lifestyle modification.
During a lecture about medication therapy for type 2 diabetic patients, the
pharmacology instructor discusses side effects to monitor following subcutaneous
injection of exenatide (Byetta), a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist. Of the
following list, which signs and symptoms should the students be assessing in this
patient? Select all that apply.
A) Nausea
B) Weight loss
, C) Dizziness
D) Tachycardia
E) Dehydration
A) Nausea
B) Weight loss
When educating a patient about glargine (Lantus), the nurse should explain that
this medication
A) has a rapid onset and peaks in about 5 minutes after injection, so he will need to
eat food immediately after injection.
B) will have a peak effect within 30 minutes, so it can be taken after a meal.
C) is a combination with short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin, so it is safe
to take anytime throughout the day.
D) has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a relatively constant concentration
for 12 to 24 hours.
D) has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a relatively constant concentration
for 12 to 24 hours.
A woman with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes has been admitted to a hospital
unit for the treatment of ketoacidosis. Place the following events in the
pathophysiology of ketoacidosis in the correct chronological order. Use all the
options.
A) Decrease in pH
B) Breakdown of triglycerides
C) Low serum insulin levels
D) Ketone production by the liver
E) Production of fatty acids and glycerol
C) Low serum insulin levels
B) Breakdown of triglycerides
E) Production of fatty acids and glycerol
